It’s quite interesting. I googled it myself and learned a few things. Posting this, it may be helpful to the original poster.

1,
Found this official tutorial via google "apt-get install lamp-server^"

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ApacheMySQLPHP

sudo apt-get install lamp-server^

Mind the caret (^) at the end.

2. What does this ^ mean? Why is it pointed out in particular?

I tried it on my machine. I can’t find this thing without adding or replacing *.

Summon google "apt-get install caret" again

Found this

http://askubuntu.com/questions/211912/whats-the-caret-mean-in-apt-get

Well, the answer is that the caret symbol is a short form for performing a task that otherwise the program “tasksel” would have done with the given package name. tasksel is a program to ease the installation of commonly used things that go together for a particular use.

3, Oh, this lamp-server^ turns out to be related to the taskel program.

Google taskel again, https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Tasksel

Tasksel is a Debian/Ubuntu tool that installs multiple related packages as a co-ordinated "task" onto your system.

Well, the answer to lz’s question is ready to come out:

lamp-server^ Is this package authoritative?

1, It’s not a package. It’s a task
2. I don’t know what the definition of authority is. Anyway, all software comes from apt-get source.

I won’t go into additional questions. There are too many. Just give me a keyword and google it yourself

nginx mysql php install shell bash

Owner, let me answer some additional questions for you

I remember there is a thing called lnmp, which is linux+nginx+mysql+php, which enables one-click installation of these things. I don’t know if this is what the original poster wants.
There is another thing called PredictionIO, which is written in python. Its installation script vendors.sh automatically installs mongoDB+hadoop. You can also refer to it

#!/usr/bin/env sh

# PredictionIO Third Party Software Utilities

# Third party software
VENDORS_PATH="$BASE/vendors"
VENDOR_HADOOP_PATH="$VENDORS_PATH/hadoop-1.2.1"
VENDOR_MONGODB_PATH="$VENDORS_PATH/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.4.6"

VENDOR_HADOOP_NAME="Apache Hadoop 1.2.1"
VENDOR_MONGODB_NAME="MongoDB 2.4.6 (64-bit Linux)"

# Utilities
command_exists () {
    command -v "" >/dev/null 2>&1
}

process_exists () {
    echo $(ps -ef | grep "" | grep -v "grep" | wc -l)
}

install_mongodb () {
    echo "Going to download and install $VENDOR_MONGODB_NAME..."
    local VENDORS_PATH=
    mkdir -p $VENDORS_PATH
    cd $VENDORS_PATH
    curl -O http://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.4.6.tgz
    tar zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.4.6.tgz
}

install_hadoop () {
    while true; do
        read -p "Please supply the absolute path to your Java installation: " JAVA_HOME
        if [ $JAVA_HOME ] && [ -d $JAVA_HOME ] && [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] ; then
            echo "Using directory $JAVA_HOME as your Java installation..."
            break
        else
            echo "Please provide a valid Java installation directory"
        fi
    done
    echo "Going to download and install $VENDOR_HADOOP_NAME..."
    local VENDORS_PATH=
    mkdir -p $VENDORS_PATH
    cd $VENDORS_PATH
    curl -O http://archive.apache.org/dist/hadoop/common/hadoop-1.2.1/hadoop-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz
    tar zxvf hadoop-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz
    echo "Configuring Hadoop in pseudo-distributed mode..."
    cp ../conf/hadoop/* $VENDOR_HADOOP_PATH/conf
    echo "export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME" >> $VENDOR_HADOOP_PATH/conf/hadoop-env.sh
    echo "Configuring PredictionIO to use Hadoop in vendors area..."
    echo "io.prediction.commons.settings.hadoop.home=$VENDOR_HADOOP_PATH" >> ../conf/predictionio.conf
    echo "Trying to format HDFS..."
    $VENDOR_HADOOP_PATH/bin/hadoop namenode -format
}

start_mongodb () {
    echo "Going to start MongoDB..."
    mkdir -p "$VENDORS_PATH/mongodb/data"
    mkdir -p "$VENDORS_PATH/mongodb/logs"
    $VENDOR_MONGODB_PATH/bin/mongod --config conf/mongodb/mongodb.conf >/dev/null 2>&1 &
}

start_hadoop () {
    echo "Going to start Hadoop..."
    $VENDOR_HADOOP_PATH/bin/start-all.sh
}

stop_hadoop () {
    echo "Going to stop Hadoop..."
    $VENDOR_HADOOP_PATH/bin/stop-all.sh
}

vendor_mongodb_exists () {
    [ -e "$VENDOR_MONGODB_PATH/bin/mongod" ]
}

vendor_hadoop_exists () {
    [ -e "$VENDOR_HADOOP_PATH/bin/hadoop" ]
}

Remember that when using fedora, there was an option to install a set of software with a certain function. It feels like it would be the same.