It depends on your usage scenario.
If you avoid talking about operating efficiency and only look at development efficiency and convenience, I personally think the ranking is as follows:
1.PHP:
The advantage of PHP is that it has a bunch of ready-made open source templates (Discuz, wordpress, and e-commerce For the easyshop/shopnc project, if your project is just an ordinary e-commerce project/CMS, PHP is undoubtedly the fastest. You can directly borrow many ready-made frameworks for modification.
2. Node.js:
The advantage of Node.js is that it can be developed in one language for both the front and back ends, but it takes some effort to deal with asynchronous callbacks.
3.Python:
The advantage of Python is that it has a clear structure and is easy to integrate and maintain.
4.Java:
Java. Grammar is designed for writing large-scale commercial projects. In order to pursue the safety and stability of the structure, development is a little more troublesome than other languages ​​

In fact, you don’t choose a language but a system. When choosing a system, you must consider the current project status

1. Verification product type project: The development cycle is within 1 month. The purpose is to verify whether the product can be accepted by the market. In this case, choose Node. The front and back ends are unified, the development efficiency is high, and the product can be verified quickly. Don't think too much, and the implementation really doesn't need to be too elegant. After all, the completion of the implementation may not be recognized by the market.

2. Small and medium-sized projects: Development cycle 1-3 months, post-maintenance is not large, and functions are added less frequently. You can choose PHP. Try to use open source templates to complete it as fast as possible. Most companies now What needs to be monetized urgently (this is also related to your performance at the end of the year) does not need to be how good the product is, but how fast the product is. Even if subsequent changes and maintenance require costs, it is only when the product/project is profitable that subsequent maintenance is necessary.

3. Large-scale projects, infrastructure, general middleware, choose Java system, type safety, a large number of open source frameworks, it can be said that as long as you choose Java system, except for specific fields (such as audio and video processing), Java system has it System solutions are available. This type of project does not need to be completed quickly. The focus of consideration has also shifted to the scalability and stability of the project. Early analysis and design are the top priorities. Scala/Java mixed development can also be selected for the implementation process. Improve development efficiency

However, which system to choose still depends on which field the engineers in the team have a deeper understanding of. Forcibly choosing an unfamiliar system will only bring helpless overtime and losses to the company.

Large companies have a lot of Java and a lot of node. Small companies should not engage in Java. It mainly depends on demand and personnel capabilities

After all, life is short, so I choose Python

Don’t use java, using java is like pulling ants away from the cart

Node is suitable for small and medium-sized projects. npm is an amazing tool, but obviously many libraries are unreliable. Generally speaking, node is suitable for use in the early stages of startup. However, the organizational structure of its code is not good. After the company grows, it will be transplanted to a more stable platform. For example
Uber's Chief Systems Architect: "Uber is gradually moving its marketplace development from Node.js to Go and Java"

There is no best language, it depends on which one suits you.

1. Node is suitable for the front-end full stack, after all, you can use familiar js.

2. PHP development efficiency is high.

3. Java industrial-grade language is suitable for large projects.

4. Python feels similar to PHP.

The syntax is different, and of course there are advantages of each language (such as Node’s asynchronous IO, Python’s rich third-party extensions, or libraries?), the logic flow is the same, depending on the project, which language to choose:

1. Node is not used very much. It may be tool packages such as webpack. When writing gadgets, I have used express before for web development. NetEase also had a web game framework pomelo before.

2. PHP is what I use the most when doing some web development. With composer, you can get started quickly, and the environment is easy to configure. You can create a satisfactory small project in a few days.

3. I used to use Java and SSH for the framework (at least it won’t be messy for large projects, the logic flow is still very clear, and it has a complete object-oriented and exception mechanism). Later, I switched to PHP and mainly wrote Android Apps, but now it can be used RN, Veex is much more convenient. After all, it is more convenient to use the original Web technology.

4. For Python, the main thing is to write some scripts. There are some texts or processes that are difficult to process in the Linux shell, so just use python to write them. For web development, there is django (I learned this at the time...but it must be very old).

If you want to recommend it, I recommend using PHP... And don't say "PHP is the best language in the world". This is the worst time that PHP has been hacked.

From PHP to python, PHP has developed its own CMS and a very small framework with MVC architecture. Python uses flask. From a pure web perspective, python feels inferior to PHP. Compared with python in syntax, PHP is really rubbish and useless. The design is a mess. Python syntax is well designed, concise and regular. But because PHP was born for the web and is used so much, it has to be said to be very convenient in terms of the web. UPUPw's one-click installation package is thrown, the files are copied, and the website is online. What about the flask online website? Each of python3.5+apache+windows+mod_cgi must be installed separately, not to mention a bunch of third-party packages in python, and! The weird thing is that mod_cgi should correspond to the vc version of compiled apache, and also distinguish between 32 and 64 bits, and it should also correspond to the version number of python. I haven't found the 3.5 one until now. One wrong step and one wrong step, just look for the slightest mistake. So I have been studying docker these two days, and I feel that the python package is really a double-edged sword. If you don’t find a fundamental solution, of course you will lament that life is short! Back to the original poster’s question, web is still PHP, and one reality is that web development actually uses the MVC framework. Many excellent PHP frameworks have made up for its physical deficiencies. There is a lot of Chinese information, thinkphp’s document is written in detail, and the Python framework Nothing can compare to it, plus the convenient one-click environment configuration,

I choose php,