// Although it’s been a long time since I asked the question, I still wrote down the answer for everyone’s reference.

Possible ways to set a timeout for the Callable task are as follows:

I. Keep the Futureobject

Future<Object> future = exec.submit(task);

II. Set the timeout period for waiting for the task to return results

int timeout = 5;
future.get(timeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

III. Handling timeout exceptions

The complete sample code is as follows:

import java.util.concurrent.*;

public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService exec = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();

        Callable<Object> task = new Callable<Object>() {
            @Override
            public Object call() throws Exception {
                for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                    // 任务需要运行10秒钟
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
                }
                return "task result.";
            }
        };

        // 保留提交任务时所返回的`Future`对象
        Future<Object> future = exec.submit(task);

        try {
            // 设置等待任务返回结果的超时时间
            int timeout = 5;
            Object result = future.get(timeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            System.out.println(result);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            // 处理超时异常
            System.err.println("超时了");
        }

        exec.shutdown();

    }

}