Analysis of steps to implement consistent HASH algorithm in PHP

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Release: 2023-03-26 12:18:02
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This time I will bring you an analysis of the steps to implement the consistent HASH algorithm in PHP. What are the precautions to implement the consistent HASH algorithm in PHP? . The following is a practical case, let's take a look.

<?php
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Perfect Is Shit
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | PHP实现:一致性HASH算法
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Author: alexander <gt199899@gmail.com>
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Datetime: 2017-01-11 16:01:36
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Copyright: Perfect Is Shit
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
class ConsistentHashing
{
  // 圆环
  // hash -> 节点
  private $_ring = array();
  // 所有节点
  // 节点 -> hash
  public $nodes = array();
  // 每个节点的虚拟节点
  public $virtual = 64;
  /**
   * 构造
   * @param array $nodes 初始化的节点列表
   */
  public function construct($nodes = array())
  {
    if (!empty($nodes)) {
      foreach ($nodes as $value) {
        $this->addNode($value);
      }
    }
  }
  /**
   * 获取圆环内容
   * @return array $this->_ring
   */
  public function getRing()
  {
    return $this->_ring;
  }
  /**
   * time33 函数
   * @param string $str
   * @return 32位正整数
   * @author 大神们
   */
  public function time33($str)
  {
    // hash(i) = hash(i-1) * 33 + str[i]
    // $hash = 5381; ## 将hash设置为0,竟然比设置为5381分布效果更好!!!
    $hash = 0;
    $s  = md5($str); //相比其它版本,进行了md5加密
    $seed = 5;
    $len = 32;//加密后长度32
    for ($i = 0; $i < $len; $i++) {
      // (hash << 5) + hash 相当于 hash * 33
      //$hash = sprintf("%u", $hash * 33) + ord($s{$i});
      //$hash = ($hash * 33 + ord($s{$i})) & 0x7FFFFFFF;
      $hash = ($hash << $seed) + $hash + ord($s{$i});
    }
    return $hash & 0x7FFFFFFF;
  }
  /**
   * 增加节点
   * @param string $node 节点名称
   * @return object $this
   */
  public function addNode($node)
  {
    if (in_array($node, array_keys($this->nodes))) {
      return;
    }
    for ($i = 1; $i <= $this->virtual; $i++) {
      $key         = $this->time33($node . '-' . $i);
      $this->_ring[$key]  = $node;
      $this->nodes[$node][] = $key;
    }
    ksort($this->_ring, SORT_NUMERIC);
    return $this;
  }
  /**
   * 获取字符串的HASH在圆环上面映射到的节点
   * @param string $key
   * @return string $node
   */
  public function getNode($key)
  {
    $node = current($this->_ring);
    $hash = $this->time33($key);
    foreach ($this->_ring as $key => $value) {
      if ($hash <= $key) {
        $node = $value;
        break;
      }
    }
    return $node;
  }
  /**
   * 获取映射到特定节点的KEY
   * 此方法需手动调用,非特殊情况不建议程序中使用此方法
   * @param string $node
   * @param string $keyPre
   * @return mixed
   */
  public function getKey($node, $keyPre = ""){
    if(!in_array($node, array_keys($this->nodes))){
      return false;
    }
    $result = false;
    for($i=1;$i<=10000;$i++){
      $key = $keyPre . md5(rand(1000, 9999));
      if($this->getNode($key) == $node){
        $result = true;
        break;
      }
    }
    return $result ? $key : false;
  }
}
$ch_obj = new ConsistentHashing();
$ch_obj->addNode('node_1');
$ch_obj->addNode('node_2');
$ch_obj->addNode('node_3');
$ch_obj->addNode('node_4');
$ch_obj->addNode('node_5');
$ch_obj->addNode('node_6');
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 查看key映射到的节点
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
$key1 = "asofiwjamfdalksjfkasasdflasfja";
$key2 = "jaksldfjlasfjsdjfioafaslkjflsadkjfl";
$key3 = "asjldflkjasfsdjflkajkldsjfksajdlflajs";
$key4 = "iowanfasijfmasdnfoas";
$key5 = "pqkisndfhoalnfiewlkl";
$key6 = "qjklasjdifoajfalsjflsa";
echo sprintf("%-50s 映射到节点 %s\n", $key1, $ch_obj->getNode($key1));
echo sprintf("%-50s 映射到节点 %s\n", $key2, $ch_obj->getNode($key2));
echo sprintf("%-50s 映射到节点 %s\n", $key3, $ch_obj->getNode($key3));
echo sprintf("%-50s 映射到节点 %s\n", $key4, $ch_obj->getNode($key4));
echo sprintf("%-50s 映射到节点 %s\n", $key5, $ch_obj->getNode($key5));
echo sprintf("%-50s 映射到节点 %s\n", $key6, $ch_obj->getNode($key6));
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 查看圆环和节点信息
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// var_dump($ch_obj->getRing());
// var_dump($ch_obj->nodes);
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 获取特定节点的KEY
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// $key1 = $ch_obj->getKey('node_1', 'pre_');
// var_dump($key1);
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 测试分布
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// $keys = array();
// $rings = array();
// for ($i = 1; $i <= 60000; $i++) {
//   $key = sha1(rand(1000000,9999999));
//   $node = $ch_obj->getNode($key);
//   $rings[$node] = isset($rings[$node]) ? ++$rings[$node] : 1;
// }
// var_dump($rings);
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Run results:

asofiwjamfdalksjfkasasdflasfja           映射到节点 node_1
jaksldfjlasfjsdjfioafaslkjflsadkjfl        映射到节点 node_2
asjldflkjasfsdjflkajkldsjfksajdlflajs       映射到节点 node_1
iowanfasijfmasdnfoas                映射到节点 node_2
pqkisndfhoalnfiewlkl                映射到节点 node_3
qjklasjdifoajfalsjflsa               映射到节点 node_5
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I believe you have mastered the method after reading the case in this article. For more exciting information, please pay attention to other related articles on the php Chinese website!

Recommended reading:

Detailed explanation of the steps for PHP RSA ciphertext encryption and decryption

Detailed explanation of the steps for PHP local API interface testing

The above is the detailed content of Analysis of steps to implement consistent HASH algorithm in PHP. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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