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Oracle 数据库开发面试题

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Release: 2020-07-31 17:25:53
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Oracle 数据库开发面试题

当我们执行delete操作时所有表数据先被copy到回滚表空间,数据量不同花费时间长短不一。而truncate是直接删除数据不进回滚表空间

【专题推荐】:2020年oracle面试题汇总(最新)

最近参加了数场面试,总结一下竞聘Oracle 开发岗位最常问到哪些问题:

1、delete 与 truncate 区别?

1)truncate 是DDL语句,delete 是DML语句;

2)truncate 速度远快于 delete;

原因是:当我们执行delete操作时所有表数据先被copy到回滚表空间,数据量不同花费时间长短不一。而truncate是直接删除数据不进回滚表空间。

3)接(2)这也就导致了delete数据后我们可以运行rollback进行数据回滚,而truncate则是永久删除不能回滚;

4)runcate 操作不会触发表上的delete触发器,而delete会正常触发;

5)truncate语句不能带where条件意味着只能全部数据删除,而delete可删除部分数据;

6)truncate 操作会重置表的高水位线(High Water Mark),而delete不会。

2、NVL与NVL2两个函数的用法和区别?

NVL (expr1, expr2):expr1为NULL,返回expr2;不为NULL,返回expr1。注意两者的类型要一致

NVL2 (expr1, expr2, expr3) :expr1不为NULL,返回expr2;为NULL,返回expr3。expr2和expr3类型不同的话,expr3会转换为expr2的类型

看一下官方示例:commsion即为工资提成

HR@orcl> SELECT last_name, NVL(TO_CHAR(commission_pct), 'Not Applicable')
2 "COMMISSION" FROM employees
3 WHERE last_name LIKE 'B%'
4 ORDER BY last_name;
LAST_NAME COMMISSION
------------------------- ----------------------------------------
Baer Not Applicable
Baida Not Applicable
Banda .1
Bates .15
Bell Not Applicable
Bernstein .25
Bissot Not Applicable
Bloom .2
Bull Not Applicable
HR@orcl> SELECT last_name, salary, NVL2(commission_pct,
2 salary + (salary * commission_pct), salary) income
3 FROM employees WHERE last_name like 'B%'
4 ORDER BY last_name;
LAST_NAME SALARY INCOME
------------------------- ---------- ----------
Baer 10000 10000
Baida 2900 2900
Banda 6200 6820
Bates 7300 8395
Bell 4000 4000
Bernstein 9500 11875
Bissot 3300 3300
Bloom 10000 12000
Bull 4100 4100
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相关学习推荐:oracle数据库学习教程

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