Arahan DNS tuan-hamba--operasi eksperimen yang sangat terperinci

[root@slave1 ~]# yum -y install bind*

[root@slave1 ~]# vim /etc/named.conf
options {
        listen-on port 53 { 10.0.0.62; };
        listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
        directory "/var/named";
        dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
        recursing-file "/var/named/data/named.recursing";
        secroots-file "/var/named/data/named.secroots";
        allow-query { any; };

        /*
         - If you are building an AUTHORITATIVE DNS server, do NOT enable recursion.
         - If you are building a RECURSIVE (caching) DNS server, you need to enable
           recursion.
         - If your recursive DNS server has a public IP address, you MUST enable access
           control to limit queries to your legitimate users. Failing to do so will
           cause your server to become part of large scale DNS amplification
           attacks. Implementing BCP38 within your network would greatly
           reduce such attack surface
        */
        recursion yes;

        dnssec-enable yes;
        dnssec-validation yes;

        /* Path to ISC DLV key */
        bindkeys-file "/etc/named.root.key";

        managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";

        pid-file "/run/named/named.pid";
        session-keyfile "/run/named/session.key";
};

logging {
        channel default_debug {
                file "data/named.run";
                severity dynamic;
        };
};

//.表示根区域,这个区域是必须要有的
zone "." IN {
        type hint; //指定根区域类型。
        file "named.ca"; //指定根区域解析库文件名称所在位置，相对于/var/named
};

//指定区域文件名称，所有的区域定义都可以写在named.rfc1912.zones文件中
include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
include "/etc/named.root.key";

[root@slave1 ~]# vim /etc/named.conf
options {
        listen-on port 53 { 10.0.0.62; }; //主服务器的地址
        listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
        directory "/var/named";
        dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
        recursing-file "/var/named/data/named.recursing";
        secroots-file "/var/named/data/named.secroots";
        allow-query { any; }; //允许任何主机可以访问本DNS服务

        /*
         - If you are building an AUTHORITATIVE DNS server, do NOT enable recursion.
         - If you are building a RECURSIVE (caching) DNS server, you need to enable
           recursion.
         - If your recursive DNS server has a public IP address, you MUST enable access
           control to limit queries to your legitimate users. Failing to do so will
           cause your server to become part of large scale DNS amplification
           attacks. Implementing BCP38 within your network would greatly
           reduce such attack surface
        */
        recursion yes; //配置成递归DNS服务器

        dnssec-enable yes;
        dnssec-validation yes;

        /* Path to ISC DLV key */
        bindkeys-file "/etc/named.root.key";

        managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";

        pid-file "/run/named/named.pid";
        session-keyfile "/run/named/session.key";
};

logging {
        channel default_debug {
                file "data/named.run";
                severity dynamic;
        };
};

zone "." IN {
        type hint;
        file "named.ca";
};

include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
include "/etc/named.root.key";


# 在/etc/named.rfc1912.zones文件末尾添加正向解析区域和反向解析区域
[root@slave1 ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
......
// 在文件最后添加一个正向解析区域,并定义为主服务器
zone "test1.com" IN {
    type master; //master表示主服务器
    file "test1.com.zone"; //指明区域解析库文件，相对于/var/named/
};

//在文件最后添加一个反向解析区域，并定义为主服务器
zone "0.0.10.in-addr.arpa" IN {
    type master;
    file "test1.com.local";
};

# 复制模板来创建区域文件
[root@slave1 ~]# cd /var/named/

# 注意：复制的时候要用-a选项，以便保持用户拥有者等属性信息，否则named程序无法解析。当然你也可以手动修改属性，使复制后的文件的拥有者和所属组都是named
[root@slave1 named]# cp -a named.localhost test1.com.zone
[root@slave1 named]# cp -a named.loopback test1.com.local

# 设置正向解析
[root@slave1 named]# cat test1.com.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA @ rname.invalid. (
          0  ; serial
          1D ; refresh
          1H ; retry
          1W ; expire
          3H ) ; minimum
  NS @
  A 10.0.0.62
www IN A 10.0.0.62
ftp IN A 10.0.0.62
mail IN CNAME www

# 设置反向解析
[root@slave1 named]# cat test1.com.local
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA test1.com. rname.invalid. (
          0  ; serial
          1D ; refresh
          1H ; retry
          1W ; expire
          3H ) ; minimum
  NS test1.com.
  A 10.0.0.62
10 IN PTR www.test1.com.
11 IN PTR ftp.test1.com.

# 重新配置本机的DNS：
[root@slave2 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
......
IPADDR=10.0.0.62
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=10.0.0.2
DNS1=10.0.0.62

[root@slave1 ~]# systemctl start named

# 测试一下
[root@slave1 ~]# nslookup www.test1.com
Server: 10.0.0.62
Address: 10.0.0.62#53

Name: www.test1.com
Address: 10.0.0.62
[root@slave1 named]# nslookup ftp.test1.com
Server: 10.0.0.62
Address: 10.0.0.62#53

Name: ftp.test1.com
Address: 10.0.0.62

# 修改主配置文件，只改两行，其余保持默认即可
[root@slave2 ~]# cat /etc/named.conf
......
options {
  listen-on port 53 { 10.0.0.63; }; # ip地址改成本地地址
  listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
  directory "/var/named";
  dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
  statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
  memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
  recursing-file "/var/named/data/named.recursing";
  secroots-file "/var/named/data/named.secroots";
  allow-query { any; }; # 任何主机都可以访问本地dns服务
......


# 在/etc/named.rfc1912.zones文件末尾添加正向解析区域和反向解析区域
[root@slave2 ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
......
zone "test1.com" IN {
        type slave;
        masters { 10.0.0.62; };
        allow-notify { 10.0.0.62; };
        file "slaves/test1.com.zone";
};

zone "0.0.10.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type slave;
        masters { 10.0.0.62; };
        allow-notify { 10.0.0.62; };
        file "slaves/test1.com.local";
};

[root@slave2 ~]# systemctl start named

# 重新配置本机的DNS：
[root@slave2 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
......
IPADDR=10.0.0.63
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=10.0.0.2
DNS1=10.0.0.63

# 启动以后，会自动生成区域解析库文件，这两个文件来源于主服务器
[root@slave2 ~]# ll /var/named/slaves/
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 named named 336 Sep 5 20:02 test1.com.local
-rw-r--r-- 1 named named 319 Sep 5 20:02 test1.com.zone

# 测试验证
[root@slave2 ~]# nslookup www.test1.com
Server: 10.0.0.63
Address: 10.0.0.63#53

Name: www.test1.com
Address: 10.0.0.62

[root@slave2 ~]# nslookup ftp.test1.com
Server: 10.0.0.63
Address: 10.0.0.63#53

Name: ftp.test1.com
Address: 10.0.0.62

# 配置DNS：客户端需要配置多个dns，我们这里配置主从dns的地址
[root@master ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
......
IPADDR=10.0.0.61
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=10.0.0.2
DNS1=10.0.0.62    
DNS2=10.0.0.63

# 重启网络使配置生效
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart network

[root@master ~]# nslookup www.test1.com
Server: 10.0.0.62
Address: 10.0.0.62#53

Name: www.test1.com
Address: 10.0.0.62

[root@master ~]# nslookup ftp.test1.com
Server: 10.0.0.62
Address: 10.0.0.62#53

Name: ftp.test1.com
Address: 10.0.0.62

# 停止master DNS
[root@slave1 ~]# systemctl stop named

# 到客户端上去验证
[root@master ~]# nslookup www.test1.com
Server: 10.0.0.63
Address: 10.0.0.63#53

Name: www.test1.com
Address: 10.0.0.62