Bagaimana untuk mengendalikan MySQL dalam Python?

pip install PyMySQL

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# __author__ = "shuke"
# Date: 2018/5/13
import pymysql
# 创建连接
conn = pymysql.connect(host="127.0.0.1", port=3306, user='zff', passwd='zff123', db='zff', charset='utf8mb4')
# 创建游标(查询数据返回为元组格式)
# cursor = conn.cursor()
# 创建游标(查询数据返回为字典格式)
cursor = conn.cursor(pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
# 1. 执行SQL,返回受影响的行数
effect_row1 = cursor.execute("select * from USER")
# 2. 执行SQL,返回受影响的行数,一次插入多行数据
effect_row2 = cursor.executemany("insert into USER (NAME) values(%s)", [("jack"), ("boom"), ("lucy")])# 3
# 查询所有数据,返回数据为元组格式
result = cursor.fetchall()
# 增/删/改均需要进行commit提交,进行保存
conn.commit()
# 关闭游标
cursor.close()
# 关闭连接
conn.close()
print(result)
"""
[{'id': 6, 'name': 'boom'}, {'id': 5, 'name': 'jack'}, {'id': 7, 'name': 'lucy'}, {'id': 4, 'name': 'tome'}, {'id': 3, 'name': 'zff'}, {'id': 1, 'name': 'zhaofengfeng'}, {'id': 2, 'name': 'zhaofengfeng02'}]
"""

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# __author__ = "shuke"
# Date: 2018/5/13
import pymysql
# 创建连接
conn = pymysql.connect(host="127.0.0.1", port=3306, user='zff', passwd='zff123', db='zff', charset='utf8mb4')
# 创建游标(查询数据返回为元组格式)
cursor = conn.cursor()
# 获取新创建数据自增ID
effect_row = cursor.executemany("insert into USER (NAME)values(%s)", [("eric")])
# 增删改均需要进行commit提交
conn.commit()
# 关闭游标
cursor.close()
# 关闭连接
conn.close()
new_id = cursor.lastrowid
print(new_id)
"""
8
"""

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# __author__ = "shuke"
# Date: 2018/5/13
import pymysql
# 创建连接
conn = pymysql.connect(host="127.0.0.1", port=3306, user='zff', passwd='zff123', db='zff', charset='utf8mb4')
# 创建游标
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute("select * from USER")
# 获取第一行数据
row_1 = cursor.fetchone()
# 获取前n行数据
row_2 = cursor.fetchmany(3)
#
# # 获取所有数据
row_3 = cursor.fetchall()
# 关闭游标
cursor.close()
# 关闭连接
conn.close()
print(row_1)
print(row_2)
print(row_3)

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# __author__ = "shuke"
# Date: 2018/5/13
import pymysql
# 创建连接
conn = pymysql.connect(host="127.0.0.1", port=3306, user='zff', passwd='zff123', db='zff', charset='utf8mb4')
# 创建游标
cursor = conn.cursor()
# 存在sql注入情况(不要用格式化字符串的方式拼接SQL)
sql = "insert into USER (NAME) values('%s')" % ('zhangsan',)
effect_row = cursor.execute(sql)
# 正确方式一
# execute函数接受一个元组/列表作为SQL参数,元素个数只能有1个
sql = "insert into USER (NAME) values(%s)"
effect_row1 = cursor.execute(sql, ['wang6'])
effect_row2 = cursor.execute(sql, ('wang7',))
# 正确方式二
sql = "insert into USER (NAME) values(%(name)s)"
effect_row1 = cursor.execute(sql, {'name': 'wudalang'})
# 写入插入多行数据
effect_row2 = cursor.executemany("insert into USER (NAME) values(%s)", [('ermazi'), ('dianxiaoer')])
# 提交
conn.commit()
# 关闭游标
cursor.close()
# 关闭连接
conn.close()

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# __author__ = "shuke"
# Date: 2018/5/13
from DBUtils.PersistentDB import PersistentDB
import pymysql
POOL = PersistentDB(
 creator=pymysql,# 使用链接数据库的模块
 maxusage=None,# 一个链接最多被重复使用的次数，None表示无限制
 setsession=[],# 开始会话前执行的命令列表。如：["set datestyle to ...", "set time zone ..."]
 ping=0,
 # ping MySQL服务端，检查是否服务可用。# 如：0 = None = never, 1 = default = whenever it is requested, 2 = when a cursor is created, 4 = when a query is executed, 7 = always
 closeable=False,
 # 如果为False时， conn.close() 实际上被忽略，供下次使用，在线程关闭时，才会自动关闭链接。如果为True时， conn.close()则关闭链接，那么再次调用pool.connection时就会报错，因为已经真的关闭了连接（pool.steady_connection()可以获取一个新的链接）
 threadlocal=None,# 本线程独享值得对象，用于保存链接对象，如果链接对象被重置
 host='127.0.0.1',
 port=3306,
 user='zff',
 password='zff123',
 database='zff',
 charset='utf8',
)
def func():
 conn = POOL.connection(shareable=False)
 cursor = conn.cursor()
 cursor.execute('select * from USER')
 result = cursor.fetchall()
 cursor.close()
 conn.close()
 return result
result = func()
print(result)

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# __author__ = "shuke"
# Date: 2018/5/13
import time
import pymysql
import threading
from DBUtils.PooledDB import PooledDB, SharedDBConnection
POOL = PooledDB(
 creator=pymysql,# 使用链接数据库的模块
 maxconnections=6,# 连接池允许的最大连接数，0和None表示不限制连接数
 mincached=2,# 初始化时，链接池中至少创建的空闲的链接，0表示不创建
 maxcached=5,# 链接池中最多闲置的链接，0和None不限制
 maxshared=3,
 # 链接池中最多共享的链接数量，0和None表示全部共享。PS: 无用，因为pymysql和MySQLdb等模块的 threadsafety都为1，所有值无论设置为多少，_maxcached永远为0，所以永远是所有链接都共享。
 blocking=True,# 连接池中如果没有可用连接后，是否阻塞等待。True，等待；False，不等待然后报错
 maxusage=None,# 一个链接最多被重复使用的次数，None表示无限制
 setsession=[],# 开始会话前执行的命令列表。如：["set datestyle to ...", "set time zone ..."]
 ping=0,
 # ping MySQL服务端，检查是否服务可用。# 如：0 = None = never, 1 = default = whenever it is requested, 2 = when a cursor is created, 4 = when a query is executed, 7 = always
 host='127.0.0.1',
 port=3306,
 user='zff',
 password='zff123',
 database='zff',
 charset='utf8'
)
def func():
 # 检测当前正在运行连接数的是否小于最大链接数，如果不小于则：等待或报raise TooManyConnections异常
 # 否则
 # 则优先去初始化时创建的链接中获取链接 SteadyDBConnection。
 # 然后将SteadyDBConnection对象封装到PooledDedicatedDBConnection中并返回。
 # 如果最开始创建的链接没有链接，则去创建一个SteadyDBConnection对象，再封装到PooledDedicatedDBConnection中并返回。
 # 一旦关闭链接后，连接就返回到连接池让后续线程继续使用。
 conn = POOL.connection()
 # print('连接被拿走了', conn._con)
 # print('池子里目前有', POOL._idle_cache, 'rn')
 cursor = conn.cursor()
 cursor.execute('select * from USER')
 result = cursor.fetchall()
 conn.close()
 return result
result = func()
print(result)

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# __author__ = "shuke"
# Date: 2018/5/13
import pymysql
import threading
from threading import RLock
LOCK = RLock()
CONN = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',
port=3306,
user='zff',
password='zff123',
database='zff',
charset='utf8')
def task(arg):
 with LOCK:
 cursor = CONN.cursor()
 cursor.execute('select * from USER ')
 result = cursor.fetchall()
 cursor.close()
 print(result)
for i in range(10):
 t = threading.Thread(target=task, args=(i,))
 t.start()

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# __author__ = "shuke"
# Date: 2018/5/13
import pymysql
import threading
CONN = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',
port=3306,
user='zff',
password='zff123',
database='zff',
charset='utf8')
def task(arg):
 cursor = CONN.cursor()
 cursor.execute('select * from USER ')
 # cursor.execute('select sleep(10)')
 result = cursor.fetchall()
 cursor.close()
 print(result)
for i in range(10):
 t = threading.Thread(target=task, args=(i,))
 t.start()

# cat sql_helper.py
import pymysql
import threading
from DBUtils.PooledDB import PooledDB, SharedDBConnection
POOL = PooledDB(
 creator=pymysql,# 使用链接数据库的模块
 maxconnections=20,# 连接池允许的最大连接数，0和None表示不限制连接数
 mincached=2,# 初始化时，链接池中至少创建的空闲的链接，0表示不创建
 maxcached=5,# 链接池中最多闲置的链接，0和None不限制
 #maxshared=3,# 链接池中最多共享的链接数量，0和None表示全部共享。PS: 无用，因为pymysql和MySQLdb等模块的 threadsafety都为1，所有值无论设置为多少，_maxcached永远为0，所以永远是所有链接都共享。
 blocking=True,# 连接池中如果没有可用连接后，是否阻塞等待。True，等待；False，不等待然后报错
 maxusage=None,# 一个链接最多被重复使用的次数，None表示无限制
 setsession=[],# 开始会话前执行的命令列表。如：["set datestyle to ...", "set time zone ..."]
 ping=0,
 # ping MySQL服务端，检查是否服务可用。# 如：0 = None = never, 1 = default = whenever it is requested, 2 = when a cursor is created, 4 = when a query is executed, 7 = always
 host='192.168.11.38',
 port=3306,
 user='root',
 passwd='apNXgF6RDitFtDQx',
 db='m2day03db',
 charset='utf8'
)
def connect():
 # 创建连接
 # conn = pymysql.connect(host='192.168.11.38', port=3306, user='root', passwd='apNXgF6RDitFtDQx', db='m2day03db')
 conn = POOL.connection()
 # 创建游标
 cursor = conn.cursor(pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
 return conn,cursor
def close(conn,cursor):
 # 关闭游标
 cursor.close()
 # 关闭连接
 conn.close()
def fetch_one(sql,args):
 conn,cursor = connect()
 # 执行SQL，并返回收影响行数
 effect_row = cursor.execute(sql,args)
 result = cursor.fetchone()
 close(conn,cursor)
 return result
def fetch_all(sql,args):
 conn, cursor = connect()
 # 执行SQL，并返回收影响行数
 cursor.execute(sql,args)
 result = cursor.fetchall()
 close(conn, cursor)
 return result
def insert(sql,args):
 """
 创建数据
 :param sql: 含有占位符的SQL
 :return:
 """
 conn, cursor = connect()
 # 执行SQL，并返回收影响行数
 effect_row = cursor.execute(sql,args)
 conn.commit()
 close(conn, cursor)
def delete(sql,args):
 """
 创建数据
 :param sql: 含有占位符的SQL
 :return:
 """
 conn, cursor = connect()
 # 执行SQL，并返回收影响行数
 effect_row = cursor.execute(sql,args)
 conn.commit()
 close(conn, cursor)
 return effect_row
def update(sql,args):
 conn, cursor = connect()
 # 执行SQL，并返回收影响行数
 effect_row = cursor.execute(sql, args)
 conn.commit()
 close(conn, cursor)
 return effect_row