在vue-cli中使用webpack模板解决项目搭建及打包路径问题

cnpm install -g vue-cli

alias: { 
‘vue$': ‘vue/dist/vue.esm.js', 
‘@': resolve(‘src'), 
‘RegForm': ‘@/components/RegForm.vue' //新增 
}

// 检查NodeJS和npm的版本
require('./check-versions')()
// 获取配置
var config = require('../config')
// 如果Node的环境变量中没有设置当前的环境（NODE_ENV），则使用config中的配置作为当前的环境
if (!process.env.NODE_ENV) {
 process.env.NODE_ENV = JSON.parse(config.dev.env.NODE_ENV)
}
// 一个可以调用默认软件打开网址、图片、文件等内容的插件
// 这里用它来调用默认浏览器打开dev-server监听的端口，例如：localhost:8080
var opn = require('opn')
var path = require('path')
var express = require('express')
var webpack = require('webpack')
// 一个express中间件，用于将http请求代理到其他服务器
// 例：localhost:8080/api/xxx --> localhost:3000/api/xxx
// 这里使用该插件可以将前端开发中涉及到的请求代理到API服务器上，方便与服务器对接
var proxyMiddleware = require('http-proxy-middleware')
// 根据 Node 环境来引入相应的 webpack 配置
var webpackConfig = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'testing'
 ? require('./webpack.prod.conf')
 : require('./webpack.dev.conf')
// dev-server 监听的端口，默认为config.dev.port设置的端口，即8080
var port = process.env.PORT || config.dev.port
// 用于判断是否要自动打开浏览器的布尔变量，当配置文件中没有设置自动打开浏览器的时候其值为 false
var autoOpenBrowser = !!config.dev.autoOpenBrowser
// 定义 HTTP 代理表，代理到 API 服务器
var proxyTable = config.dev.proxyTable
// 创建1个 express 实例
var app = express()
// 根据webpack配置文件创建Compiler对象
var compiler = webpack(webpackConfig)
// webpack-dev-middleware使用compiler对象来对相应的文件进行编译和绑定
// 编译绑定后将得到的产物存放在内存中而没有写进磁盘
// 将这个中间件交给express使用之后即可访问这些编译后的产品文件
var devMiddleware = require('webpack-dev-middleware')(compiler, {
 publicPath: webpackConfig.output.publicPath,
 quiet: true
})
// webpack-hot-middleware，用于实现热重载功能的中间件
var hotMiddleware = require('webpack-hot-middleware')(compiler, {
 log: () => {}
})
// 当html-webpack-plugin提交之后通过热重载中间件发布重载动作使得页面重载
compiler.plugin('compilation', function (compilation) {
 compilation.plugin('html-webpack-plugin-after-emit', function (data, cb) {
  hotMiddleware.publish({ action: 'reload' })
  cb()
 })
})
// 将 proxyTable 中的代理请求配置挂在到express服务器上
Object.keys(proxyTable).forEach(function (context) {
 var options = proxyTable[context]
 // 格式化options，例如将'www.example.com'变成{ target: 'www.example.com' }
 if (typeof options === 'string') {
  options = { target: options }
 }
 app.use(proxyMiddleware(options.filter || context, options))
})
// handle fallback for HTML5 history API
// 重定向不存在的URL，常用于SPA
app.use(require('connect-history-api-fallback')())
// serve webpack bundle output
// 使用webpack开发中间件
// 即将webpack编译后输出到内存中的文件资源挂到express服务器上
app.use(devMiddleware)
// enable hot-reload and state-preserving
// compilation error display
// 将热重载中间件挂在到express服务器上
app.use(hotMiddleware)
// serve pure static assets
// 静态资源的路径
var staticPath = path.posix.join(config.dev.assetsPublicPath, config.dev.assetsSubDirectory)
// 将静态资源挂到express服务器上
app.use(staticPath, express.static('./static'))
// 应用的地址信息，例如：http://localhost:8080
var uri = 'http://localhost:' + port
// webpack开发中间件合法（valid）之后输出提示语到控制台，表明服务器已启动
devMiddleware.waitUntilValid(function () {
 console.log('> Listening at ' + uri + '\n')
})
// 启动express服务器并监听相应的端口（8080）
module.exports = app.listen(port, function (err) {
 if (err) {
  console.log(err)
  return
 }
 // when env is testing, don't need open it
 // 如果符合自动打开浏览器的条件，则通过opn插件调用系统默认浏览器打开对应的地址uri
 if (autoOpenBrowser && process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'testing') {
  opn(uri)
 }
})

var utils = require('./utils')
var webpack = require('webpack')
var config = require('../config')
// 一个可以合并数组和对象的插件
var merge = require('webpack-merge')
var baseWebpackConfig = require('./webpack.base.conf')
// 一个用于生成HTML文件并自动注入依赖文件（link/script）的webpack插件
var HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin')
// 用于更友好地输出webpack的警告、错误等信息
var FriendlyErrorsPlugin = require('friendly-errors-webpack-plugin')
// add hot-reload related code to entry chunks
Object.keys(baseWebpackConfig.entry).forEach(function (name) {
 baseWebpackConfig.entry[name] = ['./build/dev-client'].concat(baseWebpackConfig.entry[name])
})
// 合并基础的webpack配置
module.exports = merge(baseWebpackConfig, {
 // 配置样式文件的处理规则，使用styleLoaders
 module: {
  rules: utils.styleLoaders({ sourceMap: config.dev.cssSourceMap })
 },
 // 配置Source Maps。在开发中使用cheap-module-eval-source-map更快
 devtool: '#cheap-module-eval-source-map',
 // 配置webpack插件
 plugins: [
  new webpack.DefinePlugin({
   'process.env': config.dev.env
  }),
  // https://github.com/glenjamin/webpack-hot-middleware#installation--usage
  new webpack.HotModuleReplacementPlugin(),
  // 后页面中的报错不会阻塞，但是会在编译结束后报错
  new webpack.NoEmitOnErrorsPlugin(),
  // https://github.com/ampedandwired/html-webpack-plugin
  new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
   filename: 'index.html',
   template: 'index.html',
   inject: true
  }),
  new FriendlyErrorsPlugin()
 ]
})

// https://github.com/shelljs/shelljs
// 检查NodeJS和npm的版本
require('./check-versions')()
process.env.NODE_ENV = 'production'
// Elegant terminal spinner
var ora = require('ora')
var path = require('path')
// 用于在控制台输出带颜色字体的插件
var chalk = require('chalk')
// 执行Unix命令行的插件
var shell = require('shelljs')
var webpack = require('webpack')
var config = require('../config')
var webpackConfig = require('./webpack.prod.conf')
var spinner = ora('building for production...')
spinner.start() // 开启loading动画
// 输出文件的目标文件夹
var assetsPath = path.join(config.build.assetsRoot, config.build.assetsSubDirectory)
// 递归删除旧的目标文件夹
shell.rm('-rf', assetsPath)
// 重新创建文件夹 
shell.mkdir('-p', assetsPath)
shell.config.silent = true
// 将static文件夹复制到输出的目标文件夹
shell.cp('-R', 'static/*', assetsPath)
shell.config.silent = false
// webpack编译
webpack(webpackConfig, function (err, stats) {
 spinner.stop() // 停止loading动画
 if (err) throw err
 // 没有出错则输出相关信息
 process.stdout.write(stats.toString({
  colors: true,
  modules: false,
  children: false,
  chunks: false,
  chunkModules: false
 }) + '\n\n')
 console.log(chalk.cyan(' Build complete.\n'))
 console.log(chalk.yellow(
  ' Tip: built files are meant to be served over an HTTP server.\n' +
  ' Opening index.html over file:// won\'t work.\n'
 ))
})

var path = require('path')
var utils = require('./utils')
var webpack = require('webpack')
var config = require('../config')
var merge = require('webpack-merge')
var baseWebpackConfig = require('./webpack.base.conf')
var HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin')
// 用于从webpack生成的bundle中提取文本到特定文件中的插件
// 可以抽取出css，js文件将其与webpack输出的bundle分离
var ExtractTextPlugin = require('extract-text-webpack-plugin')
var env = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'testing'
 ? require('../config/test.env')
 : config.build.env
// 合并基础的webpack配置
var webpackConfig = merge(baseWebpackConfig, {
 module: {
  rules: utils.styleLoaders({
   sourceMap: config.build.productionSourceMap,
   extract: true
  })
 },
 devtool: config.build.productionSourceMap ? '#source-map' : false,
 // 配置webpack的输出
 output: {
  // 编译输出目录
  path: config.build.assetsRoot,
  // 编译输出文件名格式
  filename: utils.assetsPath('js/[name].[chunkhash].js'),
  // 没有指定输出名的文件输出的文件名格式
  chunkFilename: utils.assetsPath('js/[id].[chunkhash].js')
 },
 // 配置webpack插件
 plugins: [
  // http://vuejs.github.io/vue-loader/en/workflow/production.html
  new webpack.DefinePlugin({
   'process.env': env
  }),
  // 丑化压缩代码
  new webpack.optimize.UglifyJsPlugin({
   compress: {
    warnings: false
   },
   sourceMap: true
  }),
  // 抽离css文件
  new ExtractTextPlugin({
   filename: utils.assetsPath('css/[name].[contenthash].css')
  }),
  // generate dist index.html with correct asset hash for caching.
  // you can customize output by editing /index.html
  // see https://github.com/ampedandwired/html-webpack-plugin
  new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
   filename: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'testing'
    ? 'index.html'
    : config.build.index,
   template: 'index.html',
   inject: true,
   minify: {
    removeComments: true,
    collapseWhitespace: true,
    removeAttributeQuotes: true
    // more options:
    // https://github.com/kangax/html-minifier#options-quick-reference
   },
   // necessary to consistently work with multiple chunks via CommonsChunkPlugin
   chunksSortMode: 'dependency'
  }),
  // split vendor js into its own file
  new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin({
   name: 'vendor',
   minChunks: function (module, count) {
    // any required modules inside node_modules are extracted to vendor
    return (
     module.resource &&
     /\.js$/.test(module.resource) &&
     module.resource.indexOf(
      path.join(__dirname, '../node_modules')
     ) === 0
    )
   }
  }),
  // extract webpack runtime and module manifest to its own file in order to
  // prevent vendor hash from being updated whenever app bundle is updated
  new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin({
   name: 'manifest',
   chunks: ['vendor']
  })
 ]
})
// gzip模式下需要引入compression插件进行压缩
if (config.build.productionGzip) {
 var CompressionWebpackPlugin = require('compression-webpack-plugin')
 webpackConfig.plugins.push(
  new CompressionWebpackPlugin({
   asset: '[path].gz[query]',
   algorithm: 'gzip',
   test: new RegExp(
    '\\.(' +
    config.build.productionGzipExtensions.join('|') +
    ')$'
   ),
   threshold: 10240,
   minRatio: 0.8
  })
 )
}
if (config.build.bundleAnalyzerReport) {
 var BundleAnalyzerPlugin = require('webpack-bundle-analyzer').BundleAnalyzerPlugin
 webpackConfig.plugins.push(new BundleAnalyzerPlugin())
}

module.exports = webpackConfig

// see http://vuejs-templates.github.io/webpack for documentation.
var path = require('path')

module.exports = {
 // 构建产品时使用的配置
 build: {
  // webpack的编译环境
  env: require('./prod.env'),
  // 编译输入的index.html文件
  index: path.resolve(__dirname, '../dist/index.html'),
  // webpack输出的目标文件夹路径
  assetsRoot: path.resolve(__dirname, '../dist'),
  // webpack编译输出的二级文件夹
  assetsSubDirectory: 'static',
  // webpack编译输出的发布路径
  assetsPublicPath: '/',
  // 使用SourceMap
  productionSourceMap: true,
  // Gzip off by default as many popular static hosts such as
  // Surge or Netlify already gzip all static assets for you.
  // Before setting to `true`, make sure to:
  // npm install --save-dev compression-webpack-plugin
  // 默认不打开开启gzip模式
  productionGzip: false,
  // gzip模式下需要压缩的文件的扩展名
  productionGzipExtensions: ['js', 'css'],
  // Run the build command with an extra argument to
  // View the bundle analyzer report after build finishes:
  // `npm run build --report`
  // Set to `true` or `false` to always turn it on or off
  bundleAnalyzerReport: process.env.npm_config_report
 },
 // 开发过程中使用的配置
 dev: {
  // webpack的编译环境
  env: require('./dev.env'),
  // dev-server监听的端口
  port: 8080,
  // 启动dev-server之后自动打开浏览器
  autoOpenBrowser: true,
  // webpack编译输出的二级文件夹
  assetsSubDirectory: 'static',
  // webpack编译输出的发布路径
  assetsPublicPath: '/',
  // 请求代理表，在这里可以配置特定的请求代理到对应的API接口
  // 例如将'/api/xxx'代理到'www.example.com/api/xxx'
  proxyTable: {},
  // CSS Sourcemaps off by default because relative paths are "buggy"
  // with this option, according to the CSS-Loader README
  // (https://github.com/webpack/css-loader#sourcemaps)
  // In our experience, they generally work as expected,
  // just be aware of this issue when enabling this option.
  // 是否开启 cssSourceMap
  cssSourceMap: false
 }
}

  if (options.extract) {
       return ExtractTextPlugin.extract({
              use: loaders,
              fallback: 'vue-style-loader',
              publicPath:'/'
  })