Vue中DOM的异步更新策略以及nextTick机制详解

export default { data () { return { test: 'begin' }; }, methods () { handleClick () { this.test = 'end'; console.log(this.$refs.test.innerText);//打印“begin” } } }

update () { /* istanbul ignore else */ if (this.lazy) { this.dirty = true } else if (this.sync) { /*同步则执行run直接渲染视图*/ this.run() } else { /*异步推送到观察者队列中，下一个tick时调用。*/ queueWatcher(this) } }

/*将一个观察者对象push进观察者队列，在队列中已经存在相同的id则该观察者对象将被跳过，除非它是在队列被刷新时推送*/ export function queueWatcher (watcher: Watcher) { /*获取watcher的id*/ const id = watcher.id /*检验id是否存在，已经存在则直接跳过，不存在则标记哈希表has，用于下次检验*/ if (has[id] == null) { has[id] = true if (!flushing) { /*如果没有flush掉，直接push到队列中即可*/ queue.push(watcher) } else { ... } // queue the flush if (!waiting) { waiting = true nextTick(flushSchedulerQueue) } } }

if (typeof Promise !== 'undefined' && isNative(Promise)) { /*使用Promise*/ var p = Promise.resolve() var logError = err => { console.error(err) } timerFunc = () => { p.then(nextTickHandler).catch(logError) // in problematic UIWebViews, Promise.then doesn't completely break, but // it can get stuck in a weird state where callbacks are pushed into the // microTask queue but the queue isn't being flushed, until the browser // needs to do some other work, e.g. handle a timer. Therefore we can // "force" the microTask queue to be flushed by adding an empty timer. if (isIOS) setTimeout(noop) } } else if (typeof MutationObserver !== 'undefined' && ( isNative(MutationObserver) || // PhantomJS and iOS 7.x MutationObserver.toString() === '[object MutationObserverConstructor]' )) { // use MutationObserver where native Promise is not available, // e.g. PhantomJS IE11, iOS7, Android 4.4 /*新建一个textNode的DOM对象，用MutationObserver绑定该DOM并指定回调函数，在DOM变化的时候则会触发回调,该回调会进入主线程（比任务队列优先执行），即textNode.data = String(counter)时便会触发回调*/ var counter = 1 var observer = new MutationObserver(nextTickHandler) var textNode = document.createTextNode(String(counter)) observer.observe(textNode, { characterData: true }) timerFunc = () => { counter = (counter + 1) % 2 textNode.data = String(counter) } } else { // fallback to setTimeout /* istanbul ignore next */ /*使用setTimeout将回调推入任务队列尾部*/ timerFunc = () => { setTimeout(nextTickHandler, 0) } }

return function queueNextTick (cb?: Function, ctx?: Object) { let _resolve /*cb存到callbacks中*/ callbacks.push(() => { if (cb) { try { cb.call(ctx) } catch (e) { handleError(e, ctx, 'nextTick') } } else if (_resolve) { _resolve(ctx) } }) if (!pending) { pending = true timerFunc() } if (!cb && typeof Promise !== 'undefined') { return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { _resolve = resolve }) } }

/*将一个观察者对象push进观察者队列，在队列中已经存在相同的id则该观察者对象将被跳过，除非它是在队列被刷新时推送*/ export function queueWatcher (watcher: Watcher) { /*获取watcher的id*/ const id = watcher.id /*检验id是否存在，已经存在则直接跳过，不存在则标记哈希表has，用于下次检验*/ if (has[id] == null) { has[id] = true if (!flushing) { /*如果没有flush掉，直接push到队列中即可*/ queue.push(watcher) } else { ... } // queue the flush if (!waiting) { waiting = true nextTick(flushSchedulerQueue) } } }

var counter = 1 var observer = new MutationObserver(nextTickHandler) var textNode = document.createTextNode(String(counter)) observer.observe(textNode, { characterData: true }) timerFunc = () => { counter = (counter + 1) % 2 textNode.data = String(counter) }

 
{{test}}
 tet 

var vm = new Vue({ el: '#example', data: { test: 'begin', }, methods: { handleClick() { this.test = 'end'; console.log('1') setTimeout(() => { // macroTask console.log('3') }, 0); Promise.resolve().then(function() { //microTask console.log('promise!') }) this.$nextTick(function () { console.log('2') }) } } })

return function queueNextTick (cb?: Function, ctx?: Object) { let _resolve /*cb存到callbacks中*/ callbacks.push(() => { if (cb) { try { cb.call(ctx) } catch (e) { handleError(e, ctx, 'nextTick') } } else if (_resolve) { _resolve(ctx) } }) if (!pending) { pending = true timerFunc() } if (!cb && typeof Promise !== 'undefined') { return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { _resolve = resolve }) } }

handleClick() { this.test = 'end'; console.log('1') setTimeout(() => { // macroTask console.log('3') }, 0); Promise.resolve().then(function() { //microTask console.log('promise!') }) this.$nextTick(function () { console.log('2') }) }

function add$1 (event, handler, once$$1, capture, passive) { handler = withMacroTask(handler); if (once$$1) { handler = createOnceHandler(handler, event, capture); } target$1.addEventListener( event, handler, supportsPassive ? { capture: capture, passive: passive } : capture ); } /** * Wrap a function so that if any code inside triggers state change, * the changes are queued using a Task instead of a MicroTask. */ function withMacroTask (fn) { return fn._withTask || (fn._withTask = function () { useMacroTask = true; var res = fn.apply(null, arguments); useMacroTask = false; return res }) }

 {{test}} change 

var vm = new Vue({ el: '#example', data: { test: 'begin', }, methods: { handleClick: function() { this.test = end; console.log('script') this.$nextTick(function () { console.log('nextTick') }) Promise.resolve().then(function () { console.log('promise') }) } } })

const channel = new MessageChannel() const port = channel.port2 channel.port1.onmessage = flushCallbacks macroTimerFunc = () => { port.postMessage(1) }

export default { data () { return { test: 0 }; }, mounted () { for(let i = 0; i < 1000; i++) { this.test++; } } }