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关于CSS布局技巧的总结分享

一个新手
Lepaskan: 2017-09-06 09:36:17
asal
1258 orang telah melayarinya

单列布局

水平居中

  1. 父元素text-align:center;子元素:inline-block;

  • 优点:兼容性好;

  • 不足:需要同时设置子元素和父元素

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .child {
            display: inline-block;
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
        }
    </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
    </body>
    </html>
    Salin selepas log masuk
  1. 子元素margin:0 auto;

  • 优点:兼容性好

  • 缺点:需要指定宽度

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            margin:0 auto;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
Salin selepas log masuk
  1. 子元素{display:table;margin:0 auto;}

  • 优点:只需要对自身进行设置

  • 不足:IE6,7需要调整结构

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            margin:0 auto;
            display:table;margin:0 auto;s
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
Salin selepas log masuk
  1. 父元素:relative;子元素:absolute;left:50%;margin-left:-宽度的一半

  • 优点:兼容性好

  • 缺点:需要知道子元素的宽度

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            position: relative;
            top: 0;
            left: 0;
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            left: 50%;
            margin-left: -150px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
Salin selepas log masuk
  1. 父元素:relative;子元素:absolute;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,0);

  • 优点:兼容性差

  • 缺点:不需要知道子元素的宽度

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            position: relative;
            top: 0;
            left: 0;
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            left: 50%;
            transform: translate(-50%,0);
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
Salin selepas log masuk
  1. 弹性盒子:父元素:display:flex;justify-content:center;

  • 优点:简单

  • 缺点:兼容性差

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
        }
    </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
    </body>
    </html>
    Salin selepas log masuk

垂直居中

  1. vertical-align:center;

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            display:table-cell;
            vertical-align:middle;
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
Salin selepas log masuk
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>垂直居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            vertical-align:middle;
            line-height:450px;            
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            display:inline-block;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
<!-- 这种方法需要知道父元素和子元素的高度,父元素的line-height的值为父元素高度减去子元素高度的一半。-->
Salin selepas log masuk
  1. 父元素:position:relative;子元素:positon:absolute;top:50%;transform:translate(0,-50%);

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>垂直居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            position: relative;
            top: 0;
            left: 0;          
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            position: absolute;
            top: 50%;
            left:0;
            transform: translate(0,-50%);
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
Salin selepas log masuk
  1. 父元素:position:relative;子元素:positon:absolute;top:50%;margin-top:-子元素高度的一半;

  2. 父元素:display:flex;align-items:center;

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>垂直居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;        
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
Salin selepas log masuk

水平垂直居中

  1. 父元素:display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;
    子元素;display:inline-block;

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>垂直居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            display:table-cell;
            vertical-align:middle;
            text-align:center; 
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            display: inline-block;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
Salin selepas log masuk
  1. 父元素:position:relative;
    子元素:position:absolute

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