What are the web servers?

The web servers include: 1. Apache; 2. Lighttpd; 3. Tomcat; 4. WebSphere; 5. IIS; 6. Nginx; 7. Caddy; 8. OpenLiteSpeed; 9. NodeJS; 10. Hiawatha; 11. Cherokee; 12. H2O.

Web servers are software and hardware that use HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and other protocols to respond to client requests made over the World Wide Web. The main job of a web server is to display website content by storing, processing, and delivering web pages to users.

Mainstream web server

1. Apache

Apache is the most widely used WEB server in the world. Its main advantages are open source code and a team of Open development team, support for cross-platform applications and portability, etc. Apache's module support is very rich. Although it is not as fast as other lightweight WEB servers in terms of speed and performance, it is a heavyweight product and consumes more memory than other WEB servers.

2. Lighttpd

Lighttpd provides a secure, fast, compatible and flexible WEB Server environment specifically for high-performance websites. It has low memory overhead, low CPU usage, It has the characteristics of good performance and rich modules. It supports important functions such as FastCGI, CGI, Auth, output compression, URL rewriting and Alias, and is a lightweight WEB server.

3. Tomcat

Tomcat is an open source Java-based web application container that runs servlet and JSP web applications. Tomcat server is executed according to servlet and jsp specifications, so It can also be said that Tomcat server implements the Apache-Jakarta specification and is better than most commercial application software servers. However, tomcat is weak in handling static files and high concurrency.

4. WebSphere

IBM WebSphere is a fully functional and open WEB application server. It is based on a Java application environment to build, deploy and manage Internet and Intranet Web applications. Compared to other popular WEB servers, the number of applications is small.

5. IIS

IIS is a WEB service component, a WEB server that allows publishing information on a public intranet or Internet, including WEB servers, FTP servers, NNTP servers and SMTP servers. They are used for web browsing, file transfer, news services and email sending respectively. It makes publishing information on the Internet a very easy thing. It provides ISAPI as a programming interface to extend the functions of the WEB server, and also provides the Internet to query and update the database.

6. Nginx

Nginx is a high-performance HTTP and reverse proxy server that can choose efficient epoll, kqueue, and eventport as the network I/O model. In high-connection concurrency In this case, it can support responses of up to 50,000 concurrent connections, while consuming system resources such as memory and CPU is very low, and the operation is very stable.

7. Caddy

Caddy is written in Go and is a fast and powerful multi-platform web server that can also act as a reverse proxy, load balancer and API gateway. Everything is built-in with no dependencies, which makes Caddy easy to install and use.

Caddy supports HTTPS by default and handles SSL/TLS certificate updates easily. The lack of dependencies increases its portability across various distributions without any conflicts in the library.

It is an ideal web server for running applications written in GO and provides full support for IPv6 and HTTP/2 for fast HTTP requests. It also supports virtual hosting, advanced WebSockets technology, URL rewriting and redirection, caching and static file serving with compression, and Markdown rendering.

8. OpenLiteSpeed

OpenLiteSpeed ​​is an open source web server designed for speed, simplicity, security and optimization. It is based on LiteSpeed ​​Enterprise Web Server Edition and provides all the basic features in the Enterprise Edition.

OpenLiteSpeed ​​Web Server uses an event-driven, resource-friendly architecture and has a user-friendly WebAdmin GUI that helps you manage domains/websites and monitor a range of metrics. It is optimized to execute various scripts such as Perl, Python, Ruby and Java. OPenLiteSpeed ​​supports IPv4 and IPv6, and supports SSL/TLS. IT provides support for TLS 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3.

In addition to acting as a web server, OpenLiteSpeed ​​can also provide a load balancer and reverse proxy. It is free to download and available under the GPLv3 license.

9. NodeJS

NodeJS is primarily an open source and cross-platform server-side runtime environment for building web applications in Javascript. However, it also comes bundled with an http module, which provides a set of classes and functions that extend its functionality and enable it to play the role of a web server.

10. Hiawatha

Hiawatha is a secure, lightweight and easy-to-use Unix network server. The Hiawatha web server design is written in the C programming language and is designed for speed and security. Advanced features make your web server highly secure, blocking SQL injection or XSS and CSRF attacks. You can also monitor your web server through a special monitoring tool.

Additionally, the documentation guide makes it easy to install and run the web server. It's best suited for low-spec older servers or embedded systems.

11. Cherokee

Cherokee is an open source cross-platform web server that can run on Linux, Mac OS X, Solaris and BSD. The web server is highly flexible, lightweight and fast with a friendly web-based interface. Initially, the design was created for personal development projects, but later became popular due to its simplicity. No expertise in command line configuration is required to run and work on this server. It also supports a wide range of technologies, including traffic shaping, video streaming, VirtualHosts, Apache compatible log files, content caching, and more.

12. H2O

H2O is a new generation open source HTTP server based on the C language licensed by MIT. The main goal in designing and building H2O is to create a fully functional HTTP/2 implementation. The web server supports server push, WebSockets and TLS, latency optimization, and prioritized content serving. The software is written in the C programming language and provides faster response times and less CPU usage compared to other older generation web servers.

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