The difference between static methods and non-static methods of classes in PHP8.0

With the continuous development of Internet technology, PHP, as a widely used development language, is also constantly updated and iterated. In the latest PHP8.0 version, there are some new changes in the difference between static methods and non-static methods of classes. This article will introduce in detail the difference between static methods and non-static methods of classes in PHP8.0.

1. Static methods of classes

Static methods of classes do not need to instantiate objects when used. They can be called directly using the class name and method name. In PHP8.0 version, the class The way static methods are defined has also changed somewhat compared to before. In previous versions, defining a static method required adding the keyword "static" before the method body, but this is not required in PHP8.0. In other words, static methods of classes in PHP8.0 can be used with non-static methods. Define it in the same way.

Static methods of a class can be called through both class and object names, but non-static members and methods cannot be accessed. At the same time, since the static methods of the class do not need to instantiate the object, you can use keywords such as self, static, and parent to refer to the members and methods of the class.

The following is a simple sample code that demonstrates the use of static methods of a class:

class Test {
    public static $name = 'PHP8.0';
    
    public static function printName() {
        echo self::$name;
    }
}

// 调用类的静态方法
Test::printName(); // 输出 PHP8.0

2. Non-static methods of a class

The non-static methods of a class must By instantiating an object to make a call, you can access the static members and methods of the class. In PHP8.0, compared with previous versions, the way non-static methods of a class are defined has not changed.

The following is a simple sample code that demonstrates the use of non-static methods of a class:

class Person {
    public $name;
    
    public function setName($name) {
        $this->name = $name;
    }
    
    public function getName() {
        echo $this->name;
    }
}

// 实例化对象
$person = new Person();

// 调用类的非静态方法
$person->setName('Tom');
$person->getName(); // 输出 Tom

3. Static attributes of a class

In addition to the static methods and In addition to non-static methods, PHP8.0 also introduced static attributes of classes. In previous versions, the use of static properties required declaration using the keyword "static" in the class definition, but this is not required in PHP8.0. In other words, it can be declared in the same way as non-static properties. At the same time, because the static properties of the class follow the class, they can be read and modified at any location without instantiating the object.

The following is a simple sample code that demonstrates the use of static attributes of classes:

class User {
    public static $count = 0;
    
    public function __construct() {
        self::$count++;
    }
    
    public static function getCount() {
        echo self::$count;
    }
}

// 创造对象
$newUser1 = new User();
$newUser2 = new User();

// 调用类的静态方法，获取对象数量
User::getCount(); // 输出 2

4. Summary

In summary, classes in PHP8.0 The difference between static methods and non-static methods has not changed much, only the way of definition has changed. At the same time, PHP8.0 has added static attributes of classes to facilitate us to store and share data without instantiating objects. In actual development, you should choose to use static methods, non-static methods or static attributes of the class according to specific circumstances to achieve the optimal effect.

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