How to display the current path in Linux

In Linux, you can use the pwd command to display the current path. pwd is the abbreviation of Print Working Directory. Its function is to display the full path of the current working directory. The syntax is "pwd [option]"; it is mainly used to view the absolute path of the current directory when the current location is not sure.

#The operating environment of this tutorial: centos8 system, Dell G3 computer.

Since there are many directories in the Linux file system, when the user executes a Linux command without specifying the directory where the command or parameters are located, the Linux system will first search for this command in the current directory (current working directory) or its parameters. Therefore, before executing a command, users often need to determine the current working directory, that is, the current directory.

When a user logs into the Linux system, his current directory is his home directory. So, How to determine the current directory? You can use the Linux system's pwd command to display the absolute path of the current directory.

pwd command overview

pwd is the abbreviation of Print Working Directory, Its function is to display the full path of the current working directory. It is mainly used to view the absolute path of the current directory through pwd when the current location is not sure.

pwd command syntax

pwd [选项]

Parameters:

• -L : --logical, displays the current path. When there is a connection file, directly displays the path of the connection file (this method is the default when no parameters are added), refer to Example 1.

• -p：--physical, displays the current path. When there is a connection file, the connection path is not used and the connection file is displayed directly. For the file pointed to, refer to Example 2. When a multi-layer connection file is included, the file ultimately pointed to by the connection file is displayed. Refer to Example 3.

• --help: Display help information.

• --version: Display version information.
  

pwd command example

Example 1: View the current Path

[root@localhost var]# pwd
/var

Example 2: View the current path without using the connection path

[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/   #进入/var目录，该目录下有个mail连接文件，方便对比查看
[root@localhost var]# ll
total 164
...
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 Apr 22 19:56 log
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   10 Oct 17  2015 mail -> spool/mail
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 May 11  2011 nis
...

[root@localhost var]# cd mail/   #进入mail目录，mail为连接文件。
[root@localhost mail]# pwd     #默认，使用连接文件，直接显示连接文件全路径。
/var/mail

[root@localhost mail]# pwd -P    #不使用逻辑路径，连接文件最终指向的文件
/var/spool/mail

Example 3: When connecting files at multiple levels, display the full path of the files ultimately pointed to by all connected files

[root@localhost ~]# ll      # /root目录下面有个dir1目录，test连接文件指向dir1目录
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 24 05:51 dir1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    5 Apr 24 05:54 test -> dir1/
[root@localhost ~]# ll /home/   #/home目录下面有一个test连接文件，指向/root/test连接文件 
total 20
drwx------ 16 sgl  sgl  4096 Oct 17  2015 sgl
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   10 Apr 24 05:55 test -> /root/test


[root@localhost ~]# cd /home/test/   #通过cd命令进入/home/test
[root@localhost test]# pwd      #默认，只显示连接文件的全路径
/home/test
[root@localhost test]# pwd -P   # 显示连接文件最终指向的文件的全路径。注意这里不是/root/test。
/root/dir1

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