Routing technology is mainly used in the Internet to achieve the purpose of sharing transmission lines; routing technology mainly refers to routing algorithms, the characteristics and classification of Internet routing protocols, among which routing algorithms can be divided into static routing algorithms And dynamic routing algorithm, the Internet routing protocol is characterized by an adaptive selection protocol, a distributed routing protocol, and a hierarchical routing protocol.
The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 10 system, DELL G3 computer.
Routing technology is mainly used in the Internet to achieve the purpose of sharing transmission lines
Routing technology mainly refers to routing algorithms and the characteristics and classification of Internet routing protocols. Among them, routing algorithms can be divided into static routing algorithms and dynamic routing algorithms. The characteristics of the routing protocol of the Internet are: it is an adaptive selection protocol (i.e. dynamic) and a distributed routing protocol; it adopts a hierarchical routing protocol, that is, it is divided into autonomous system internal and autonomous system external routing protocols. The routing protocols of the Internet are divided into two categories: interior gateway protocol (IGP, specific protocols include RIP and OSPF, etc.) and exterior gateway protocol (EGP, the most commonly used one is BGP).
Algorithm classification
The routing algorithm is the method or strategy of routing.
Classified according to whether the routing algorithm can adaptively adjust and change with the network topology or traffic volume. Routing algorithms can be divided into static routing algorithms and dynamic routing algorithms.
Static algorithm
The static routing algorithm is a non-adaptive routing algorithm. This is a method that does not measure or use network status information, but only follows a certain fixed A simple routing algorithm that makes regular decisions. The static routing algorithm is characterized by simplicity and low overhead, but it cannot adapt to changes in network status. Static routing algorithms mainly include diffusion method and fixed routing table method. Static routing is a method that relies on manually entered information to configure the routing table.
Static routing has the following advantages: It reduces the daily overhead of the router. Very easy to configure on a small internet. You can control routing updates. However, static routing does not work well in environments where network changes occur frequently. In a large and frequently changing Internet, it is impractical to configure static routing.
Dynamic algorithm
The dynamic routing algorithm is an adaptive routing algorithm, which relies on the status information of the current network to make decisions, so that the routing results can be improved to a certain extent. Adapt to changes in network topology and traffic volume.
The dynamic routing algorithm is characterized by its ability to better adapt to changes in network status, but it is more complex and expensive to implement. Dynamic routing algorithms generally use the routing table method, which mainly includes distributed routing algorithms and centralized routing algorithms. The distributed routing algorithm is that each node modifies its own routing table by regularly exchanging routing status information with neighboring nodes, so that the routing of the entire network is often in a dynamic state of change. The centralized routing algorithm is to set up a node in the network to collect the status information sent regularly by each node. Then the node dynamically calculates the routing table of each node based on the network status information, and then sends the new routing table to each node.
Protocol Classification
Dynamic routing refers to a method in which routing protocols can automatically generate routing tables based on actual conditions. The main advantage of dynamic routing is that if there are multiple paths to the destination site, after running a routing protocol (such as RIP or IGRP), and a path for data transmission is interrupted, the router can automatically choose Another path transmits data. This is an advantage when building a large network. Most routing protocols can be divided into two basic routing protocols:
Distance vector
Calculate the distance vector of a link in the network, and then perform routing based on the calculation results . Typical distance vector routing protocols include IGRP, RIP, etc. The router regularly sends messages to neighboring routers, and the content of the message is its entire routing table, such as: 1. The distance traveled to reach the destination network, 2. The next hop address to reach the destination network. Send the information and change your routing table.
Link status
Typical link state routing protocols include OSPF and so on. The purpose of the link state routing protocol is to obtain the topology of the entire network. Each router running a link state routing protocol must provide link state topology information. The information includes: 1. The network segment link to which the router is connected. 2. And the physical status of the link. Based on the returned information, the router promptly modifies the routing configuration according to changes in network topology to adapt to the new routing selection.
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