The Internet of Things is the first information technology revolution

The Internet of Things is the third information technology revolution; the Internet of Things is the "Internet where everything is connected". It is an extended and expanded network based on the Internet. It is formed by combining various information sensing devices with the network. A huge network that enables the interconnection of people, machines and things at any time and anywhere.

The operating environment of this article: Windows 7 system, DELL G3 computer

How many information technology revolutions is the Internet of Things?

The concept of the Internet of Things was formally proposed in 1999 and is considered to be the third information technology revolution.

Definition

The Internet of Things (IoT, Internet of things) is the "Internet where everything is connected". It is an extended and expanded network based on the Internet, integrating various A huge network formed by the combination of information sensing equipment and networks enables the interconnection of people, machines and things at any time and anywhere.

The Internet of Things is an important part of the new generation of information technology. The IT industry is also called: Pan-Internet, which means that things are connected and everything is connected. Therefore, "the Internet of Things is the Internet where things are connected." This has two meanings: first, the core and foundation of the Internet of Things is still the Internet, which is an extended and expanded network based on the Internet; second, its user end extends and expands to any item and carries information between items. exchange and communication. Therefore, the definition of the Internet of Things is to connect any item to the Internet through radio frequency identification, infrared sensors, global positioning systems, laser scanners and other information sensing equipment according to the agreed protocol to exchange information and communicate. A network for intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and management of items.

Origin

The concept of the Internet of Things first appeared in Bill Gates' 1995 book "The Road to the Future". In "The Road to the Future", Bill Gates has The concept of the Internet of Things was mentioned, but it was limited by the development of wireless networks, hardware and sensing equipment at that time, and it did not attract the attention of the world.

In 1998, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States creatively proposed the concept of the "Internet of Things" which was then called the EPC system.

In 1999, Auto-ID in the United States first proposed the concept of "Internet of Things", which was mainly based on item coding, RFID technology and the Internet. In the past, the Internet of Things was called sensor network in China. The Chinese Academy of Sciences started research on sensor networks as early as 1999, and has achieved some scientific research results and established some applicable sensor networks. In the same year, the International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networks held in the United States proposed that "sensor networks are another development opportunity facing mankind in the next century."

In 2003, the American "Technology Review" proposed that sensor network technology will be the first of the top ten technologies that will change people's lives in the future.

On November 17, 2005, at the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) held in Tunisia, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) released the "ITU Internet Report 2005: Internet of Things", officially proposing the "Internet of Things" "the concept of. The report points out that the ubiquitous "Internet of Things" communication era is coming, and all objects in the world, from tires to toothbrushes, from houses to paper towels, can be actively exchanged through the Internet. Radio frequency identification technology (RFID), sensor technology, nanotechnology, and intelligent embedded technology will receive more widespread application and attention.

Features

Basic characteristics of the Internet of Things From the perspective of communication objects and processes, the information interaction between things and people and things is the core of the Internet of Things. The basic characteristics of the Internet of Things can be summarized as overall perception, reliable transmission and intelligent processing.

Overall perception - You can use radio frequency identification, QR codes, smart sensors and other sensing devices to perceive and obtain various types of information about objects.

Reliable transmission—Through the integration of the Internet and wireless networks, object information is transmitted in real time and accurately to facilitate information exchange and sharing.

Intelligent processing - using various intelligent technologies to analyze and process the data and information sensed and transmitted to achieve intelligent monitoring and control. Based on the above characteristics of the Internet of Things, combined with the perspective of information science, and focusing on the flow process of information, the information processing functions of the Internet of Things can be summarized:

(1) The function of obtaining information. It is mainly the perception and identification of information. The perception of information refers to the perception and sensitivity of the attribute state of things and the way they change; the identification of information refers to the ability to express the felt state of things in a certain way. (2) The function of transmitting information. It mainly involves the steps of information sending, transmission, reception, etc., and finally the task of transmitting the acquired state of things information and the way it changes from one point in time (or space) to another point. This is what is often referred to as the communication process. (3) The function of processing information. It refers to the process of information processing, using existing information or perceived information to generate new information, which is actually the process of making decisions. (4) Function of effect information. It refers to the process in which information finally exerts its effect. It has many forms of expression. The more important thing is to always keep the object in a pre-designed state by adjusting the state of the object and its transformation method [5].

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