How to get started with angular12 quickly? Getting started guide sharing

How to get started quicklyangular12? This article will introduce angular12 and teach you how to quickly get started with angular12. If necessary, you can refer to it~

This article is mainly for front-end children's shoes who are interested in angular . In China, the technology stacks used by most companies are Vue and React. Few companies use Angular, and I happen to use it, so I record and share it. [Related tutorial recommendations: "angular tutorial"]

Through this article, you can learn the following points:

• angular environment configuration
• Development tool configuration
• CLI project structure
• Project source code file structure
• Project creation

1. Angular environment configuration ：

Node => NPM/CNPM => Angular CLI

• Installing node.js is to use npm to manage the software packages that the project depends on. Due to network reasons, cnpm can be used as An alternative package management tool, using angular CLI allows us to ignore complex configurations and focus more on Angular.
• After installation, enter in the console:

npm install -g @angular/cli

• to view Version

angular version

2. Development tool configuration:

• Recommended expansion of Vscode:

• Recommended extension for Chrome: Angular DevTools

Convenient for debugging programs, Angular DevTools can be found in Chrome Online App Store.

3. CLI project structure:

| -- myProject
    | -- .editorconfig  // 用于在不同编辑器中统一代码风格
    | -- .gitignore  // git中忽略文件列表
    | -- .README.md  // Markdown格式的说明文件
    | -- .angular.json  // angular 的配置文件
    | -- .browserslistrc  // 配置浏览器兼容的文件
    | -- .karma.conf.js  // 自动化测试框架Karma的配置文件
    | -- .package.json  //  NPM包定义文件
    | -- .package-lock.json  // 依赖包版本锁定文件
    | -- .tsconfig.app.json  // 用于app项目的TypeScript的配置文件
    | -- .tsconfig.spec.json  // 用于测试的TypeScript的配置文件
    | -- .tsconfig.json  //  整个工作区的TypeScript的配置文件
    | -- .tsconfig.spec.json  // 用于测试的TypeScript的配置文件
    | -- .tslint.json  // TypeScript的代码静态扫描配置
    | -- .e2e  // 自动化集成测试项目
    | -- .src  //  源代码目录
            | -- .favicon.ico //  收藏图标
            | -- .index.html //  收藏图标
            | -- .main.ts  //  入口 ts文件
            | -- .polyfill.ts  //  用于不同浏览器兼容版本加载
            | -- .style.css  //  整个项目的全局的css
            | -- .test.ts  //  测试入口
            | -- .app  //  工程源码目录
            | -- .assets //  资源目录
            | -- .environments  //  环境配置
                 | -- .environments.prod.ts  //  生产环境
                 | -- .environments.ts  //  开发环境复制代码

4. Project source code file structure

1.app directory:

The app directory is the code directory to be written . The command line has been generated by default when creating a new project.

2.app.component.ts in the app directory:

This file represents the component, which is the basic building block of Angular applications and can be understood as A piece of html with business logic and data

import { Component,} from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
})
export class AppComponent {
 
}

Next, let’s analyze each piece of code in the app.component.ts file:

import {Component} from '@angular/core';复制代码

This code is from the Angular core module Introducing the component decorator

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
})

This code uses the decorator to define a component and the metadata of the component. All components must be annotated with this decorator. Angular will pass the component metadata through the attributes inside. To render components and perform logic

• selector is a css selector. Indicates that the component can be called through the HTML tag of app-root. There is a <app-root>Loading...in </app-root>index.html root> tag, this tag is used to display the content of the component.
• templateUrl Specifies an html file as the component's template, defining the layout and content of the component. Define app.component.html here, and finally the content of the tag <app-root>/<app-root></app-root></app-root> in index.html The content inside app.component.html will be displayed. That is, the page defined by templateUrl defines the layout and content of the page that the user finally sees.
• styleUrls Specifies a set of css files. You can write the styles used by this component template in this css. That is, the two files app.component.html and app.component.css.

export class AppComponent {
    title = 'hello Grit';
}

This class is actually the controller of the component. Our business logic is written in this class

• AppComponent It is originally a Ordinary typescript class, but the component metadata decorator above tells Angular that AppComponent is a component and some metadata needs to be added to this class. Angular will treat AppComponent as a component

3. app.module.ts in the app file:

This file represents the module

import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';

import { AppRoutingModule } from './app-routing.module';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { ScrollableTabComponent,ImageSliderComponent } from './components';
@NgModule({
  declarations: [
    AppComponent,
    ScrollableTabComponent,
    ImageSliderComponent
  ],
  imports: [
    BrowserModule,
    AppRoutingModule
  ],
  providers: [],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }

Angular applications are modular and have their own modular system called NgModule. Every Angular application has at least one NgModule class, which is the root module. In the app.module.ts file, this root module can start your application.

• declarations (declarable object table) - those components, directives, and pipes that belong to this NgModule.

• exports (Exports table) - A subset of declarable objects that can be used in Component templates of other modules.

• imports (import table) —— Import other modules

• providers —— Dependencies injection

• bootstrap —— 设置根组件

五、项目创建、运行

ng new myProject  //项目默认会新建一个目录（项目工程）
cd myProject 
ng serve  //会启动开发环境下的Http 服务器复制代码

参考文献：Angular官网

原文地址：https://juejin.cn/post/6994378585200918564

作者：Grit_1024

更多编程相关知识，请访问：编程入门！！

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