Various ways to create namespaces in JavaScript

# In JavaScript global variables often cause Naming conflicts, and sometimes even rewriting variables are not in the order you imagined, so in order to avoid global variable name conflicts, creating a namespace becomes the optimal solution.

1. Implement through closure (Closure) and Object

JSON Object Returns the public interface:

var NameSpace = NameSpace || {};
 NameSpace.Hello = (function() {   
 //待返回的公有对象  
  var self = {};   
  //私有变量或方法   
  var name = 'world';  
   //公有方法或变量   
   self.sayHello = function(_name) {    
    return 'Hello ' + (_name || name);  
     } ;   
     //返回的公有对象   
     return self; 
}());

2. Create Object through JSON object, the code is as follows:

var NameSpace = NameSpace || {}; 
NameSpace.Hello = {     name: 'world'   , sayHello: function(_name) {   
  return 'Hello ' + (_name || this.name);  
   }
 };

3. Create through function: (more complex)

function is implemented, set the initial variables in the function, and write the public method into prototype, such as:

var NameSpace = NameSpace || {}; 
/* Function */ 
NameSpace.Hello = function() {   
    this.name = 'world'; 
}; 
NameSpace.Hello.prototype.sayHello = function(_name) {   
    return 'Hello ' + (_name || this.name); 
}; 
var hello = new NameSpace.Hello(); 
hello.sayHello();

4. Create through function: (more Concise)

var NameSpace = NameSpace || {}; 
NameSpace.Hello = new function() {   
    var self = this;   
    var name = 'world';   
    self.sayHello = function(_name) {    
     return 'Hello ' + (_name || name);  
      }; 
 };

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