What are the most important characteristics of computer work?

The most important features of computer work are stored programs and automatic control. The basic principle is that when the computer is running, it first fetches the first instruction from the memory, and through the decoding of the controller, according to the requirements of the instruction, The data is retrieved from the memory and processed by specified calculations and logical operations, and then the results are sent to the memory according to the address.

#The most important features of computer work are stored programs and automatic control.

In 1946, the famous Hungarian-American mathematician von Neumann proposed and demonstrated the basic ideas of computer architecture, the core contents of which can be summarized as "stored programs" and "automatic control." Therefore, the main working characteristics of computers are stored programs and automatic control.

Working Principles of Computers

The basic principles of computers are mainly divided into stored programs and program control. In advance, the sequence of instructions (called programs) that control how the computer operates must be and raw data are fed into computer memory via input devices. Each instruction clearly stipulates which address the computer will fetch from, what operation it will perform, and then what address it will send to.

Basic Principle

When the computer is running, it first fetches the first instruction from the memory, decodes it through the controller, and reads it from the memory according to the instruction's requirements. The data is taken out and processed by specified calculations and logical operations, and then the results are sent to the memory according to the address. Next, take out the second instruction and complete the specified operation under the command of the controller. Continue accordingly. Until a stop command is encountered. Programs are accessed in the same way as data. According to the order of programming, instructions are taken out step by step and automatically complete the operations specified by the instructions. This is the most basic working principle of the computer. This principle was originally proposed by the Hungarian-American mathematician von Neumann. It was proposed in 1945, so it is called the von Neumann principle. The working principle of the von Neumann architecture computer can be summarized in eight words: stored program, program control.

Stored program --- Compile the steps to solve the problem into a program (usually composed of several instructions), and store the program in the computer's memory (referring to main memory or memory);

Program control --- reads instructions from the computer's main memory and sends them to the computer's controller. The controller controls the entire machine to execute the operations specified by the instructions and complete the functions of the instructions based on the function of the current instructions. Repeat this operation until the instructions in the program are executed.

The characteristics of von Neumann architecture computers are:

1) Use a single processing component to complete calculation, storage and communication work.

2) The storage unit is a fixed-length linear organization.

3) The units of storage space are directly addressable.

4) Using low-level machine language, instructions complete simple operations through opcodes.

5) Centralized sequence control over calculations.

6) The computer hardware system consists of five major components: arithmetic unit, memory, controller, input device, and output device and stipulates their basic functions.

7) Use binary form to represent data and instructions.

8) When executing programs and processing data, the programs and data must be loaded from the external memory into the main memory, and then the computer can automatically adjust the instructions to be fetched from the memory and executed during operation.

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