The word length of a computer is the "binary bit length" of the computer's parallel processing of data, and is an important indicator of computing performance. The word length is always an integer multiple of 8. Usually the word length of the PC is 16 bits (early), 32 bits, and 64 bits.
Computers use binary encoding to represent numbers, characters, instructions and other control information. When a computer is storing, transmitting or operating, a set of binary codes as a unit is called a word, and the number of binary digits in a word is called the word length.
The word length is one of the main technical indicators of the CPU. It refers to the number of binary digits that the CPU can process in parallel at one time. The word length is always an integer multiple of 8. Usually the word length of the PC is 16 bits (in the early days ), 32-bit, 64-bit.
A CPU that processes data with a word length of 8 bits is usually called an 8-bit CPU. A 32-bit CPU processes binary data with a word length of 32 bits at the same time. Each binary 0 or 1 is the smallest unit that makes up the binary system, called a bit. Commonly used word lengths are 8 bits, 16 bits, 32 bits and 64 bits. An 8-bit encoding is called a byte, which is the basic encoding unit in computers.
Word length has a great relationship with the functions and uses of the computer and is an important technical indicator of the computer. The word length directly reflects the calculation accuracy of a computer. In order to adapt to different requirements and coordinate the relationship between calculation accuracy and hardware cost, most computers support variable word length operations, that is, half word length and full word length can be realized in the machine. (or single word length) and double word length operations. All other indicators being equal, the larger the word length, the faster the computer can process data. The word lengths of early microcomputers were generally 8-bit and 16-bit, and most 386 and higher processors were 32-bit. Most computers on the market have 64-bit processors. The word length is determined by the number of data bus lines in the microprocessor's external data path.
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