The difference between stm32 and 51

Single-chip microcomputer is referred to as single-chip microcomputer. Simply put, it integrates CPU (operation, control), RAM (data storage-memory), ROM (program storage), input and output devices (serial port, parallel port, etc.) and interrupt system in the same Chip components, in our own personal computers, CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O are all separate chips, and then these chips are installed on a motherboard, thus forming our PC motherboard, which is then assembled into Computers, and microcontrollers just concentrate all of this on one chip.

51 Introduction to Microcontroller

The most widely used 8-bit microcontroller is of course also the easiest for beginners to learn. The microcontroller was first launched by Intel. Due to its typical structure and complete centralized management of bus-specific registers, numerous logical bit operation functions and rich control-oriented instruction system, it can be called a "classic" and set the standard for other microcontrollers in the future. laid the foundation for its development.

The reason why 51 MCU has become a classic and easy-to-use MCU mainly has the following characteristics:

51 MCU characteristics

1. From the internal hardware The software has a complete set of bitwise operating systems, called bit processors. The processing objects are not words or bytes but bits. Not only can it process a certain bit of some special function registers on the chip, such as transmitting, setting, clearing, testing, etc., it can also perform bit logic operations. Its functions are very complete and it is easy to use.

2. At the same time, a dual-function address range is specially opened in the on-chip RAM area, which is extremely flexible to use. This function undoubtedly provides great convenience to users,

3. Multiplication and division instructions, which also bring convenience to programming. Many eight-bit microcontrollers do not have the multiplication function. When doing multiplication, you have to write a subroutine call, which is very inconvenient.

Recommended courses: PHP Tutorial.

51 Microcontroller Disadvantages

1. AD, EEPROM and other functions need to be expanded, which increases the burden on hardware and software

2. Although The I/O pin is simple to use, but has no output capability when the level is high. This is also the biggest weakness of the 51 series microcontroller

3. The running speed is too slow, especially the dual data pointers. If it can be improved, it can Programming brings great convenience

4. 51 has poor protection ability and can easily burn out the chip

51 microcontroller application scope

It is currently widely used in teaching situations and situations where performance requirements are not high.

The most commonly used devices: 8051, 80C51

Introduction to STM32 microcontroller

The STM32 series of microcontrollers launched by ST manufacturers, friends in the industry As we all know, this is a series of microcontrollers with extremely high cost performance. There should be no one like it, and its functions are extremely powerful. It is based on the ARM Cortex-M core specially designed for embedded applications requiring high performance, low cost, and low power consumption. It also has first-class peripherals: 1μs dual 12-bit ADC, 4 Mbit/s UART, 18 Mbit/s SPI, etc., also have good performance in terms of power consumption and integration. Of course, it is slightly inferior to the power consumption of MSP430, but this does not affect the enthusiasm of engineers for it. It is well-known in the industry due to its simple structure and easy-to-use tools coupled with its powerful functions... Its powerful functions are mainly reflected in:

STM32 microcontroller features

1. Core: ARM32-bit Cortex-M3CPU, maximum operating frequency 72MHz, 1.25DMIPS/MHz, single-cycle multiplication and hardware division

2. Memory: 32-512KB Flash memory integrated on the chip. 6-64KB SRAM memory

3, clock, reset and power management: 2.0-3.6V power supply and driving voltage of I/O interface. POR, PDR and Programmable Voltage Detector (PVD). 4-16MHz crystal oscillator. Embedded with factory-adjusted 8MHz RC oscillator circuit. Internal 40 kHz RC oscillator circuit. PLL for CPU clock. 32kHz crystal oscillator with calibration for RTC

4. Debug mode: serial debugging (SWD) and JTAG interface. Up to 112 fast I/O ports, up to 11 timers, and up to 13 communication interfaces.

Commonly used devices in STM32

The most commonly used devices: STM32F103 series, STM32 L1 series, STM32W series.

51 The difference between MCU and STM32 MCU

51 MCU is the collective name for all MCUs that are compatible with the Intel8031 instruction system. The ancestor of this series of MCUs is Intel's 8031 Later, with the development of flash ROM technology, the 8031 ​​microcontroller made great progress and became one of the most widely used 8-bit microcontrollers. Its representative model is the AT89 series of ATMEL.

The STM32 microcontroller is a 32-bit series of microcontrollers produced by ST (STMicroelectronics) using arm company's cortex-M3 as the core. Its internal resources (registers and peripheral functions) are better than those of 8051, AVR and PIC There are much more, basically close to the CPU of a computer, suitable for mobile phones, routers, etc.

51 microcontroller is a basic microcontroller for entry-level, and it is also the most widely used one. It should be noted that 51 series microcontrollers generally do not have self-programming capabilities.

The STM32 series is based on the ARM Cortex-M3 core specially designed for embedded applications requiring high performance, low cost, and low power consumption.

The main differences between the two are as follows:

1. Core: 51 MCU uses 51 Core, 8Bit@2MHz Max (after frequency division), 0.06DMIPS; STM32 uses It is ARM Cortex-M3, 32Bit@72MHz, 1.25DMIPS

2. Address space: 51 MCU has only 64KB; STM32 has 4GB

3. On-chip memory: 51 MCU ROM only has 2K-64K , RAM is only 128B-1K; STM32's ROM is 20K-1MB, RAM is 8K-256K

4. Peripherals: 51 microcontroller has only three timers and one serial port; STM32 has AD, DA, Timer, WWDG, IWDG, CRC, DMA, IIC, SPI, USART and many other peripherals

5. Development tools: 51 microcontroller uses early UV2; while STM32 uses UV4 or even higher

6. Operating system: It is difficult for 51 microcontroller to run even RTOS; STM32 uses uClinux and uC/OS

The above is the detailed content of The difference between stm32 and 51. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!