最近一个项目因为要用到Socket传输问题,所以决定学习一下,将自己学习的内容总结分享出来,下面这篇文章主要给大家介绍了关于C# .NET中Socket简单实用框架使用的相关资料,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,需要的朋友可以参考下。
前言
一说到Socket,想必大家都或多或少有所涉及,从最初的计算机网络课程,讲述了tcp协议,而Socket就是对协议的进一步封装,使我们开发人员能够更加容易轻松的进行软件之间的通信。
这个星期刚好接受一个共享车位锁的项目,需要使用Socket与硬件进行通信控制,说白了也就是给锁发送指令,控制其打开或者关闭,再就是对App开放操作接口,使其方便测试以及用户的使用。这其中核心就是Socket的使用,再开发出这个功能之后,我发现使用起来很不方便,于是耗时2天抽象其核心功能并封装成框架,最后使用这个框架将原来的项目重构并上线,极大的提高了软件的可拓展性,健壮性,容错率。
个人坚信的原则:万物皆对象
好了,不废话了,下面进入正文
正文:
1、首先简单讲下C#中Socket的简单使用。
第一步:服务端监听某个端口
第二步:客户端向服务端地址和端口发起Socket连接请求
第三步:服务端收到连接请求后创建Socket连接,并维护这个连接队列。
第四步:客户端和服务端已经建立双工通信(即双向通信),客户端和服务端可以轻松方便的给彼此发送信息。
至于简单使用的具体实现代码全部被我封装到项目中了,如果需要学习简单的实现,可以看我的源码,也可以自行百度,有很多的教程
2、核心,框架的使用
其实,说其为框架,可能有点牵强,因为每个人对框架都有自己的理解,但是类库和框架又有什么本质区别呢?全部都是代码~哈哈,扯远了
首先,空说无凭,先放上所有的代码:
服务端源文件:
SocketServer.cs
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Net; using System.Net.Sockets; namespace Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets { /// <summary> /// Socket服务端 /// </summary> public class SocketServer { #region 构造函数 /// <summary> /// 构造函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="ip">监听的IP地址</param> /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param> public SocketServer(string ip, int port) { _ip = ip; _port = port; } /// <summary> /// 构造函数,监听IP地址默认为本机0.0.0.0 /// </summary> /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param> public SocketServer(int port) { _ip = "0.0.0.0"; _port = port; } #endregion #region 内部成员 private Socket _socket = null; private string _ip = ""; private int _port = 0; private bool _isListen = true; private void StartListen() { try { _socket.BeginAccept(asyncResult => { try { Socket newSocket = _socket.EndAccept(asyncResult); //马上进行下一轮监听,增加吞吐量 if (_isListen) StartListen(); SocketConnection newClient = new SocketConnection(newSocket, this) { HandleRecMsg = HandleRecMsg == null ? null : new Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer>(HandleRecMsg), HandleClientClose = HandleClientClose == null ? null : new Action<SocketConnection, SocketServer>(HandleClientClose), HandleSendMsg = HandleSendMsg == null ? null : new Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer>(HandleSendMsg), HandleException = HandleException == null ? null : new Action<Exception>(HandleException) }; newClient.StartRecMsg(); ClientList.AddLast(newClient); HandleNewClientConnected?.Invoke(this, newClient); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } }, null); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } #endregion #region 外部接口 /// <summary> /// 开始服务,监听客户端 /// </summary> public void StartServer() { try { //实例化套接字(ip4寻址协议,流式传输,TCP协议) _socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); //创建ip对象 IPAddress address = IPAddress.Parse(_ip); //创建网络节点对象包含ip和port IPEndPoint endpoint = new IPEndPoint(address, _port); //将 监听套接字绑定到 对应的IP和端口 _socket.Bind(endpoint); //设置监听队列长度为Int32最大值(同时能够处理连接请求数量) _socket.Listen(int.MaxValue); //开始监听客户端 StartListen(); HandleServerStarted?.Invoke(this); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } /// <summary> /// 所有连接的客户端列表 /// </summary> public LinkedList<SocketConnection> ClientList { get; set; } = new LinkedList<SocketConnection>(); /// <summary> /// 关闭指定客户端连接 /// </summary> /// <param name="theClient">指定的客户端连接</param> public void CloseClient(SocketConnection theClient) { theClient.Close(); } #endregion #region 公共事件 /// <summary> /// 异常处理程序 /// </summary> public Action<Exception> HandleException { get; set; } #endregion #region 服务端事件 /// <summary> /// 服务启动后执行 /// </summary> public Action<SocketServer> HandleServerStarted { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 当新客户端连接后执行 /// </summary> public Action<SocketServer, SocketConnection> HandleNewClientConnected { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 服务端关闭客户端后执行 /// </summary> public Action<SocketServer, SocketConnection> HandleCloseClient { get; set; } #endregion #region 客户端连接事件 /// <summary> /// 客户端连接接受新的消息后调用 /// </summary> public Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleRecMsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接发送消息后回调 /// </summary> public Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleSendMsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接关闭后回调 /// </summary> public Action<SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleClientClose { get; set; } #endregion } }
using System; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Text; namespace Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets { /// <summary> /// Socket连接,双向通信 /// </summary> public class SocketConnection { #region 构造函数 public SocketConnection(Socket socket,SocketServer server) { _socket = socket; _server = server; } #endregion #region 私有成员 private readonly Socket _socket; private bool _isRec=true; private SocketServer _server = null; private bool IsSocketConnected() { bool part1 = _socket.Poll(1000, SelectMode.SelectRead); bool part2 = (_socket.Available == 0); if (part1 && part2) return false; else return true; } #endregion #region 外部接口 /// <summary> /// 开始接受客户端消息 /// </summary> public void StartRecMsg() { try { byte[] container = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2]; _socket.BeginReceive(container, 0, container.Length, SocketFlags.None, asyncResult => { try { int length = _socket.EndReceive(asyncResult); //马上进行下一轮接受,增加吞吐量 if (length > 0 && _isRec && IsSocketConnected()) StartRecMsg(); if (length > 0) { byte[] recBytes = new byte[length]; Array.Copy(container, 0, recBytes, 0, length); //处理消息 HandleRecMsg?.Invoke(recBytes, this, _server); } else Close(); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); Close(); } }, null); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); Close(); } } /// <summary> /// 发送数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="bytes">数据字节</param> public void Send(byte[] bytes) { try { _socket.BeginSend(bytes, 0, bytes.Length, SocketFlags.None, asyncResult => { try { int length = _socket.EndSend(asyncResult); HandleSendMsg?.Invoke(bytes, this, _server); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } }, null); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } /// <summary> /// 发送字符串(默认使用UTF-8编码) /// </summary> /// <param name="msgStr">字符串</param> public void Send(string msgStr) { Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msgStr)); } /// <summary> /// 发送字符串(使用自定义编码) /// </summary> /// <param name="msgStr">字符串消息</param> /// <param name="encoding">使用的编码</param> public void Send(string msgStr,Encoding encoding) { Send(encoding.GetBytes(msgStr)); } /// <summary> /// 传入自定义属性 /// </summary> public object Property { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 关闭当前连接 /// </summary> public void Close() { try { _isRec = false; _socket.Disconnect(false); _server.ClientList.Remove(this); HandleClientClose?.Invoke(this, _server); _socket.Close(); _socket.Dispose(); GC.Collect(); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } #endregion #region 事件处理 /// <summary> /// 客户端连接接受新的消息后调用 /// </summary> public Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleRecMsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接发送消息后回调 /// </summary> public Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleSendMsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接关闭后回调 /// </summary> public Action<SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleClientClose { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 异常处理程序 /// </summary> public Action<Exception> HandleException { get; set; } #endregion } }
using System; using System.Net; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Text; namespace Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets { /// <summary> /// Socket客户端 /// </summary> public class SocketClient { #region 构造函数 /// <summary> /// 构造函数,连接服务器IP地址默认为本机127.0.0.1 /// </summary> /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param> public SocketClient(int port) { _ip = "127.0.0.1"; _port = port; } /// <summary> /// 构造函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="ip">监听的IP地址</param> /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param> public SocketClient(string ip, int port) { _ip = ip; _port = port; } #endregion #region 内部成员 private Socket _socket = null; private string _ip = ""; private int _port = 0; private bool _isRec=true; private bool IsSocketConnected() { bool part1 = _socket.Poll(1000, SelectMode.SelectRead); bool part2 = (_socket.Available == 0); if (part1 && part2) return false; else return true; } /// <summary> /// 开始接受客户端消息 /// </summary> public void StartRecMsg() { try { byte[] container = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2]; _socket.BeginReceive(container, 0, container.Length, SocketFlags.None, asyncResult => { try { int length = _socket.EndReceive(asyncResult); //马上进行下一轮接受,增加吞吐量 if (length > 0 && _isRec && IsSocketConnected()) StartRecMsg(); if (length > 0) { byte[] recBytes = new byte[length]; Array.Copy(container, 0, recBytes, 0, length); //处理消息 HandleRecMsg?.Invoke(recBytes, this); } else Close(); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); Close(); } }, null); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); Close(); } } #endregion #region 外部接口 /// <summary> /// 开始服务,连接服务端 /// </summary> public void StartClient() { try { //实例化 套接字 (ip4寻址协议,流式传输,TCP协议) _socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); //创建 ip对象 IPAddress address = IPAddress.Parse(_ip); //创建网络节点对象 包含 ip和port IPEndPoint endpoint = new IPEndPoint(address, _port); //将 监听套接字 绑定到 对应的IP和端口 _socket.BeginConnect(endpoint, asyncResult => { try { _socket.EndConnect(asyncResult); //开始接受服务器消息 StartRecMsg(); HandleClientStarted?.Invoke(this); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } }, null); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } /// <summary> /// 发送数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="bytes">数据字节</param> public void Send(byte[] bytes) { try { _socket.BeginSend(bytes, 0, bytes.Length, SocketFlags.None, asyncResult => { try { int length = _socket.EndSend(asyncResult); HandleSendMsg?.Invoke(bytes, this); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } }, null); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } /// <summary> /// 发送字符串(默认使用UTF-8编码) /// </summary> /// <param name="msgStr">字符串</param> public void Send(string msgStr) { Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msgStr)); } /// <summary> /// 发送字符串(使用自定义编码) /// </summary> /// <param name="msgStr">字符串消息</param> /// <param name="encoding">使用的编码</param> public void Send(string msgStr, Encoding encoding) { Send(encoding.GetBytes(msgStr)); } /// <summary> /// 传入自定义属性 /// </summary> public object Property { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 关闭与服务器的连接 /// </summary> public void Close() { try { _isRec = false; _socket.Disconnect(false); HandleClientClose?.Invoke(this); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } #endregion #region 事件处理 /// <summary> /// 客户端连接建立后回调 /// </summary> public Action<SocketClient> HandleClientStarted { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 处理接受消息的委托 /// </summary> public Action<byte[], SocketClient> HandleRecMsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接发送消息后回调 /// </summary> public Action<byte[], SocketClient> HandleSendMsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接关闭后回调 /// </summary> public Action<SocketClient> HandleClientClose { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 异常处理程序 /// </summary> public Action<Exception> HandleException { get; set; } #endregion } }
上面放上的是框架代码,接下来介绍下如何使用
首先,服务端使用方式:
using Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets; using System; using System.Text; namespace Console_Server { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //创建服务器对象,默认监听本机0.0.0.0,端口12345 SocketServer server = new SocketServer(12345); //处理从客户端收到的消息 server.HandleRecMsg = new Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer>((bytes, client, theServer) => { string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes); Console.WriteLine($"收到消息:{msg}"); }); //处理服务器启动后事件 server.HandleServerStarted = new Action<SocketServer>(theServer => { Console.WriteLine("服务已启动************"); }); //处理新的客户端连接后的事件 server.HandleNewClientConnected = new Action<SocketServer, SocketConnection>((theServer, theCon) => { Console.WriteLine($@"一个新的客户端接入,当前连接数:{theServer.ClientList.Count}"); }); //处理客户端连接关闭后的事件 server.HandleClientClose = new Action<SocketConnection, SocketServer>((theCon, theServer) => { Console.WriteLine($@"一个客户端关闭,当前连接数为:{theServer.ClientList.Count}"); }); //处理异常 server.HandleException = new Action<Exception>(ex => { Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); }); //服务器启动 server.StartServer(); while (true) { Console.WriteLine("输入:quit,关闭服务器"); string op = Console.ReadLine(); if (op == "quit") break; } } } }
客户端使用方式:
using Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets; using System; using System.Text; namespace Console_Client { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //创建客户端对象,默认连接本机127.0.0.1,端口为12345 SocketClient client = new SocketClient(12345); //绑定当收到服务器发送的消息后的处理事件 client.HandleRecMsg = new Action<byte[], SocketClient>((bytes, theClient) => { string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes); Console.WriteLine($"收到消息:{msg}"); }); //绑定向服务器发送消息后的处理事件 client.HandleSendMsg = new Action<byte[], SocketClient>((bytes, theClient) => { string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes); Console.WriteLine($"向服务器发送消息:{msg}"); }); //开始运行客户端 client.StartClient(); while (true) { Console.WriteLine("输入:quit关闭客户端,输入其它消息发送到服务器"); string str = Console.ReadLine(); if (str == "quit") { client.Close(); break; } else { client.Send(str); } } } } }
最后运行测试截图:
总结:
其最方便之处在于,将如何创建连接封装掉,使用人员只需关注连接后发送什么数据,接收到数据后应该如何处理,等等其它的很多事件的处理,这其中主要依托于匿名委托的使用,Lambda表达式的使用。
以上就是C#中Socket框架的使用教程的详细内容,更多请关注php中文网其它相关文章!
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