what is linux? How to use linux?

1. What is linux?

　01.Linux is a Unix-like operating system that is free to use and spread freely. It is a multi-user, multi-tasking operating system that supports multi-threading and multi-CPU.
　02.Linux can be installed on a variety of computer hardware devices, such as mobile phones, tablets, routers, video game consoles, desktop computers, mainframes, and supercomputers.
　03.Lnux There are many different Linux versions, but they all use the Linux kernel.

Founder Linus Torvalds Released on October 5, 1991!

2. What are the characteristics of Linux?

　01. Free to use, open source!
　02. Basic idea:
　　001. Everything is a file!
　002. Every software has a definite purpose!
　03. Multi-user, multi-tasking
　Linux supports multiple users. Each user has its own special rights for its own file device, ensuring that each user does not affect each other. Multitasking is one of the most important features of today's computers. Linux can enable multiple programs to run simultaneously and independently.
　04. Support multiple platforms
　Linux is also an embedded operating system that can run on handheld computers, set-top boxes or game consoles.

3. What is the mainstream release version of Linux?

　01. Hongqi is made in China!

　02.CentOS is the most mainstream and free!

　03.SuSe

　04.redHat Commercial version! TOLL!

　05.ubuntu Ordinary User

4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Linux?

Advantages:
01. Stable performance
02. Higher security and quick bug fixes
03. Support multi-user multi-tasking
04. Complete user group Group policy
Disadvantages:
01. The graphical interface is not friendly
02. There is no specific manufacturer support

5. What is virtual software?

Virtual software: It is a system that can run two or more systems on one computer at the same time! Can simulate a standard PC environment! This environment is exactly the same as the real machine!
Commonly used virtual software:
01.VMare
02.VritualBox (mac)

6. What is the URL to download the centOS system and the download steps?

#7. What are the supporting software around Linux?

　01.

　01. Configure the network during installation

　

　02. Configure the network after successful installation

　

When the problem circled in the red box above appears, it means that the permissions are insufficient and you need to change to the root user.

　dhclient eth0 assigns an IP address

If eth0 is not displayed, use the command ifconfig -a to query all gateway information

9. Linux configuration

　01 .View the host name: hostname

02.ping Usage:

001.ping 127.0.0.1

002.ping Local IP

003. ping localhost

ctrl+c: exit

As mentioned above, when the host name cannot be pinged: edit the /etc/hosts file

　

Just configure your own host name. Note that you need to add spaces to the previous default configuration!

Ping the host name again and the ping will succeed!

10. Why do you need to configure the host name and IP address correspondence configuration?

For example: How did we configure the url to connect to the database before? ? ?
Usually it’s an IP address!
If our server changes its IP address! Then our project also has to change its address! It’s not just a computer problem anymore! Is it troublesome?
Then when we connect to the server, we don’t need to configure the IP address!
At this time, use the corresponding relationship between the host name and IP address to configure!

11. Shut down and restart?

reboot: Restart Any user can use

The following commands are only available to the root user!
shutdown -r now: Shut down immediately
shutdown -r 10: After 10 minutes
shutdown -r 19:00: When the time is 19 o'clock

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