C++로 자율 주행 및 지능형 내비게이션을 개발하는 방법은 무엇입니까?

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>

int main() {
    cv::VideoCapture cap(0);  // 打开摄像头
    
    if (!cap.isOpened()) {
        std::cerr << "Unable to open camera!" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }
    
    cv::Mat frame;
    while (cap.read(frame)) {  // 读取每一帧图像
        // 图像处理代码
        cv::imshow("Camera", frame);
        if (cv::waitKey(1) == 27) {  // 按下ESC键退出
            break;
        }
    }
    
    cap.release();  // 释放摄像头资源
    cv::destroyAllWindows();
    
    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <Eigen/Dense>

int main() {
    Eigen::MatrixXd A(2, 2);  // 状态转移矩阵
    Eigen::MatrixXd B(2, 1);  // 控制矩阵
    Eigen::MatrixXd C(1, 2);  // 观测矩阵
    Eigen::MatrixXd Q(2, 2);  // 过程噪声协方差矩阵
    Eigen::MatrixXd R(1, 1);  // 观测噪声协方差矩阵
    
    // 初始化参数
    A << 1, 1, 0, 1;
    B << 0.5, 1;
    C << 1, 0;
    Q << 0.1, 0, 0, 0.1;
    R << 1;
    
    Eigen::Vector2d x_hat;  // 状态估计向量
    Eigen::MatrixXd P_hat(2, 2);  // 状态协方差矩阵
    
    // 初始化状态估计向量和状态协方差矩阵
    x_hat << 0, 0;
    P_hat << 1, 0, 0, 1;
    
    double u, z;
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
        // 获取传感器数据
        u = 1;
        z = 2;
        
        // 预测步骤
        x_hat = A * x_hat + B * u;
        P_hat = A * P_hat * A.transpose() + Q;
        
        // 更新步骤
        Eigen::MatrixXd K = P_hat * C.transpose() * (C * P_hat * C.transpose() + R).inverse();
        Eigen::Vector2d y = z - C * x_hat;
        x_hat = x_hat + K * y;
        P_hat = (Eigen::MatrixXd::Identity(2, 2) - K * C) * P_hat;
        
        std::cout << "x_hat: " << x_hat << std::endl;
    }
    
    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>

class PIDController {
public:
    PIDController(double kp, double ki, double kd) : kp_(kp), ki_(ki), kd_(kd), error_sum_(0), prev_error_(0) {}
    
    double calculate(double setpoint, double input) {
        double error = setpoint - input;
        error_sum_ += error;
        double d_error = error - prev_error_;
        prev_error_ = error;
        
        double output = kp_ * error + ki_ * error_sum_ + kd_ * d_error;
        return output;
    }
    
private:
    double kp_;
    double ki_;
    double kd_;
    double error_sum_;
    double prev_error_;
};

int main() {
    PIDController pid_controller(0.1, 0.01, 0.01);
    
    double setpoint = 10;
    double input = 0;
    
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
        double output = pid_controller.calculate(setpoint, input);
        input += output;
        std::cout << "Output: " << output << std::endl;
    }
    
    return 0;
}