Java가 다형성을 구현하는 메커니즘은 무엇입니까?

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Person {
    public int salary;
    public int allSalary(){
        return 0;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Person p = null;

        for (int n = 0; n < 3; n++) {
            @SuppressWarnings("resource")
            Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
            System.out.println("请输入一个1-3的数字：\n1 is Teacher\n2 is Scientis\n3 is Waiter");
            int i = sc.nextInt();
            //分别指向了不同的子类，输出的结果是不一样的
            if (i == 1) {
                p = new Teacher(5000);
                System.out.println(p.allSalary());
            } else if (i == 2) {
                p = new Scientist(5000);
                System.out.println(p.allSalary());
            } else if (i == 3) {
                p = new Waiter(5000);
                System.out.println(p.allSalary());
            } else {
                System.out.println("?\n请输入1-3");
            }

        }
}
}

 public class Scientist extends Person{
    public Scientist(int salary){
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public int allSalary(){
        int aa = salary*12+36500;
        System.out.print("五五开一年的工资：");
        return aa;
    }
}

public class Waiter extends Person{
    public Waiter(int salary){
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public int allSalary(){
        int aa = salary*12;
        System.out.print("服务员一年的工资：");
        return aa;
    }
}

public class Teacher extends Person{
    public Teacher(int salary){
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public int allSalary(){
        int aa = salary*12+3650;
        System.out.print("教师一年的工资：");
        return aa;
    }
}