Angular2에서 부모-자식 구성 요소 통신을 구현하는 방법

//父组件
parentPrint: any;      //ts中，声明一个变量
[(ngModel)]="parentPrint"  //html中，绑定变量，获取用户输入
//html中，将数据传给子组件
<app-child [fromParent]="parentPrint"></app-child> 
//子组件
@Input() fromParent;    //ts中，用于直接接收从父组件获取的数据
[(ngModel)]="fromParent"  //html中，用于显示数据

//子组件
 private _fromParent: any;   //私有变量，通过setter获取父组件的数据
@Input()            //通过setter获取父组件的数据
 set fromParent(fromParent: any) {
  this._fromParent = fromParent;
 }
 get fromParent(): any {
  return this._fromParent;
 }

//子组件
@Output() fromChild = new EventEmitter<any>(); //暴露一个输出属性

<button class="btn btn-primary" (click)="clickChild()">Output方式</button> 
 //触发发射函数，将数据发送给父组件
 clickChild() {
  console.log(&#39;click child&#39; , this.contentFromChild);
  this.fromChild.emit(this.contentFromChild);
 }

//父组件
[(ngModel)]="contentFromChild" //绑定输出子组件的数据
//使用子组件，绑定事件属性
<app-child
 [fromParent]="parentPrint"
 (fromChild)="fromChild($event)"
></app-child>
//事件处理函数
 fromChild(event) {
  console.log(event);
  this.contentFromChild = event;
 }

<!--parent.component.html-->
<p style="width: 1000px;margin: auto">
<p class="card" style="width: 500px;float: left">
 <p class="card-header">
  父组件
 </p>
 <p class="card-body">
  <h5 class="card-title">父组件</h5>
  <p class="form-group">
   <label for="viewoutput">ViewChild父组件输出：</label>
   <input type="text"
       class="form-control"
       id="viewoutput"
       placeholder="ViewChild父组件输出"
       [(ngModel)]="viewOutput"
   >
  </p>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" (click)="clickView()">ViewChild方式</button>
 </p>
</p>
<app-child></app-child>
</p>

<!--child.component.html-->
<p class="card" style="width: 500px;">
 <p class="card-header">
  子组件
 </p>
 <p class="card-body">
  <h5 class="card-title">子组件</h5>
  <p class="form-group">
   <label for="input">子组件输入：</label>
   <input type="text"
       class="form-control"
       id="input"
       placeholder="Input something"
       [(ngModel)]="contentFromChild"
   >
  </p>
 </p>
</p>

//ts
@ViewChild(ChildComponent)         // 使用viewChild导入引用
private childComponent: ChildComponent;   // 将子组件注入到私有属性
//获取子组件数据并显示
clickView() {
  //直接获取子组件的属性
  this.viewOutput = this.childComponent.contentFromChild;
 }

//html
[(ngModel)]="viewOutput"
 <button class="btn btn-primary" (click)="clickView()">ViewChild方式</button>

<!--parent.component.html-->
<p style="width: 1000px;margin: auto">
<p class="card" style="width: 500px;float: left">
 <p class="card-header">
  父组件
 </p>
 <p class="card-body">
  <h5 class="card-title">父组件</h5>
  <p class="form-group">
   <label for="serviceoutput">父组件服务输入：</label>
   <input type="text"
       class="form-control"
       id="serviceoutput"
       placeholder="服务输入"
       [(ngModel)]="serviceInput"
   >
  </p>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" (click)="clickService()">Service方式</button>
 </p>
</p>
<app-child></app-child>
</p>

<!--child.component.html-->
<p class="card" style="width: 500px;">
 <p class="card-header">
  子组件
 </p>
 <p class="card-body">
  <h5 class="card-title">子组件</h5>
  <p class="form-group">
   <label for="serviceoutput">子组件服务输入：</label>
   <input type="text"
       class="form-control"
       id="serviceoutput"
       placeholder="服务输入"
       [(ngModel)]="serviceInput"
   >
  </p>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" (click)="clickService()">Service方式</button>
 </p>
</p>

//服务
//meditor.service.ts
import {Injectable} from '@angular/core';
import {Subject} from 'rxjs/Subject';
import {Observable} from 'rxjs/Observable';

@Injectable()
export class MeditorService {
 private subject = new Subject<MeditorMsg>();
 constructor() {}
 // 获取订阅者
 public getObservable(): Observable<MeditorMsg> {
  return this.subject.asObservable();
 }
 // 推送信息
 public push(msg: MeditorMsg) {
  this.subject.next(msg);
 }
}
// 中间者信息
export interface MeditorMsg {
 id: string;
 body: any;
}

subscription: Subscription = null; //初始化一个订阅对象
//子组件构造函数，用于监听数据推送
constructor(
  private meditor: MeditorService
 ) {
  this.subscription = meditor.getObservable().subscribe(
   msg => {
    console.log(msg);
    if (msg.id === 'parent') {   //id为parent，获取父组件数据
     this.serviceInput = msg.body;
    }
   }
  );
 }
// 子组件将数据推送到中间着，给订阅者
clickService() {
  this.meditor.push({id: 'parent', body: this.serviceInput});
 }
//父组件构造函数，用于监听数据推送
constructor(
  private meditor: MeditorService
 ) {
  this.subscription = meditor.getObservable().subscribe(
   msg => {
    console.log(msg);
    if (msg.id === 'child') {    //id为child，获取子组件数据
     this.serviceInput = msg.body;
    }
   }
  );
 }
// 父组件将数据推送到中间着，给订阅者
clickService() {
  this.meditor.push({id: 'parent', body: this.serviceInput});
 }