Python에서 스크립트 stdout 출력을 캡처하는 방법은 무엇입니까?

<code class="python"># module writer.py
import sys

def write():
    sys.stdout.write("foobar")</code>

<code class="python">import sys
from cStringIO import StringIO

# setup the environment
backup = sys.stdout

# ####
sys.stdout = StringIO()     # capture output
write()
out = sys.stdout.getvalue() # release output
# ####

sys.stdout.close()  # close the stream 
sys.stdout = backup # restore original stdout

print out.upper()   # post processing</code>

<code class="python">from contextlib import redirect_stdout
import io

f = io.StringIO()
with redirect_stdout(f):
    help(pow)
s = f.getvalue()</code>

<code class="python">import io

output = io.StringIO()
sys.stdout = output
write()
sys.stdout.seek(0)
captured_output = output.read()</code>