vue2.0 provides a keep-alive component to cache components to avoid loading corresponding components multiple times and reduce performance consumption. This article introduces to you a summary and precautions for the use of keep-alive in vue2. Friends who need it can refer to it
keep-alive is a built-in component of Vue, which can retain the state in the memory during the component switching process. Prevent repeated rendering of the DOM. Combined with vue-router, the entire content of a view can be cached.
The basic usage is as follows:
<keep-alive> <component> <!-- 该组件将被缓存！ --> </component> </keep-alive>
Generally there is such a demand. When we enter the list page for the first time, we need to request data. When I enter the details page from the list page, the details page is not cached. You need to request data and then return to the list page
There are two situations:
1. Directly click the browser's back button.
2. Click the /list link in the navigation bar to return.
So in the first case, when we directly use the back button to return to the list page (/list), there is no need to request data.
In the second case, we need to request data by returning to the list page through the link.
So there are three situations here:
#1. By default, data needs to be requested when entering the list page.
2. After entering the details page, use the browser's default back button to return, which does not require an ajax request.
3. After entering the details page and returning to the list page by clicking the link, you also need to send an ajax request.
The configuration is as follows:
1. The configuration of the entry file app.vue is as follows:
<!-- 缓存所有的页面 --> <keep-alive> <router-view v-if="$route.meta.keep_alive"></router-view> </keep-alive> <router-view v-if="!$route.meta.keep_alive"></router-view>
2. Set the meta attribute in the router and set keepAlive: true to indicate the need to use cache , if false, it means no need to use cache. And add scroll behavior scrollBehavior
router/index.js configuration is as follows:
import Vue from 'vue';
import Router from 'vue-router';
// import HelloWorld from '@/views/HelloWorld';
Vue.use(Router);
const router = new Router({
mode: 'history', // 访问路径不带井号 需要使用 history模式，才能使用 scrollBehavior
base: '/page/app', // 配置单页应用的基路径
routes: [
{
path: '/',
name: 'list',
component: resolve => require(['@/views/list'], resolve), // 使用懒加载
meta: {
keepAlive: true // true 表示需要使用缓存
}
},
{
path: '/list',
name: 'list',
component: resolve => require(['@/views/list'], resolve), // 使用懒加载
meta: {
keepAlive: true // true 表示需要使用缓存 false表示不需要被缓存
}
},
{
path: '/detail',
name: 'detail',
component: resolve => require(['@/views/detail'], resolve) // 使用懒加载
}
],
scrollBehavior (to, from, savedPosition) {
// 保存到 meta 中，备用
to.meta.savedPosition = savedPosition;
if (savedPosition) {
return { x: 0, y: 0 };
}
return {};
}
});
export default router;3. list.vue code is as follows:
<template>
<p class="hello">
<h1>vue</h1>
<h2>{{msg}}</h2>
<router-link to="/detail">跳转到detail页</router-link>
</p>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'helloworld',
data () {
return {
msg: 'Welcome to Your Vue.js App'
};
},
methods: {
ajaxRequest() {
const obj = {
'aa': 1
};
Promise.all([this.$store.dispatch('testUrl', obj)]).then((res) => {
console.log(res);
});
}
},
beforeRouteEnter(to, from, next) {
next(vm => {
/*
如果 to.meta.savedPosition === undefined 说明是刷新页面或可以叫第一次进入页面 需要刷新数据
如果savedPosition === null, 那么说明是点击了导航链接;
此时需要刷新数据，获取新的列表内容。
否则的话 什么都不做，直接使用 keep-alive中的缓存
*/
if (to.meta.savedPosition === undefined) {
vm.ajaxRequest();
}
if (to.meta.savedPosition === null) {
vm.ajaxRequest();
}
})
}
};
</script>4. detail.vue code is as follows:
<template>
<p class="list">
<h1>{{msg}}</h1>
<router-link to="/list">返回列表页</router-link>
</p>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'list',
data () {
return {
msg: 'Welcome to Your Vue.js App'
};
},
created() {
this.ajaxRequest();
},
methods: {
ajaxRequest() {
const obj = {
'aa': 1
};
Promise.all([this.$store.dispatch('withdary', obj)]).then((res) => {
console.log(res);
});
}
}
};
</script>Two: Use router.meta extension
Assume there are 3 pages now, the requirements are as follows:
1. There is page A by default, and a request is required for page A to come in.
2. Page B jumps to page A, and page A does not need to be requested again.
3. Page C jumps to page A, and page A needs to be requested again.
The implementation method is as follows:
Set the meta attribute in route A:
{
path: '/a',
name: 'A',
component: resolve => require(['@/views/a'], resolve),
meta: {
keepAlive: true // true 表示需要使用缓存
}
}So all the codes under router/index become as follows:
import Vue from 'vue'; import Router from 'vue-router'; // import HelloWorld from '@/views/HelloWorld';
Vue.use(Router);
const router = new Router({
mode: 'history', // 访问路径不带井号 需要使用 history模式，才能使用 scrollBehavior
base: '/page/app', // 配置单页应用的基路径
routes: [
{
path: '/',
name: 'list',
component: resolve => require(['@/views/list'], resolve), // 使用懒加载
meta: {
keepAlive: true // true 表示需要使用缓存
}
},
{
path: '/list',
name: 'list',
component: resolve => require(['@/views/list'], resolve), // 使用懒加载
meta: {
keepAlive: true // true 表示需要使用缓存 false表示不需要被缓存
}
},
{
path: '/detail',
name: 'detail',
component: resolve => require(['@/views/detail'], resolve) // 使用懒加载
},
{
path: '/a',
name: 'A',
component: resolve => require(['@/views/a'], resolve),
meta: {
keepAlive: true // true 表示需要使用缓存
}
},
{
path: '/b',
name: 'B',
component: resolve => require(['@/views/b'], resolve)
},
{
path: '/c',
name: 'C',
component: resolve => require(['@/views/c'], resolve)
}
],
scrollBehavior (to, from, savedPosition) {
// 保存到 meta 中，备用
to.meta.savedPosition = savedPosition;
if (savedPosition) {
return { x: 0, y: 0 };
}
return {};
}
});
export default router;Set beforeRouteLeave in component B
beforeRouteLeave(to, from, next) {
// 设置下一个路由meta
to.meta.keepAlive = true; // 让A缓存，不请求数据
next(); // 跳转到A页面
}All the codes of component B are as follows:
<template>
<p class="list">
<h1>{{msg}}</h1>
<router-link to="/a">返回a页面</router-link>
</p>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'list',
data () {
return {
msg: 'Welcome to B Page'
};
},
created() {},
methods: {
},
beforeRouteLeave(to, from, next) {
// 设置下一个路由meta
to.meta.keepAlive = true; // 让A缓存，不请求数据
next(); // 跳转到A页面
}
};
</script>Set beforeRouteLeave in component C:
All the codes in thebeforeRouteLeave(to, from, next) {
// 设置下一个路由meta
to.meta.keepAlive = false; // 让A不缓存，重新请求数据
console.log(to)
next(); // 跳转到A页面
}c component are as follows:
<template>
<p class="list">
<h1>{{msg}}</h1>
<router-link to="/a">返回a页面</router-link>
</p>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'list',
data () {
return {
msg: 'Welcome to B Page'
};
},
created() {},
methods: {
},
beforeRouteLeave(to, from, next) {
// 设置下一个路由meta
to.meta.keepAlive = false; // 让A不缓存，重新请求数据
console.log(to)
next(); // 跳转到A页面
}
};
</script>All the codes in the a component are as follows:
<template>
<p class="hello">
<h1>vue</h1>
<h2>{{msg}}</h2>
<router-link to="/b">跳转到b页面</router-link>
<router-link to="/c">跳转到c页面</router-link>
</p>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'helloworld',
data () {
return {
msg: 'Welcome to A Page'
};
},
methods: {
ajaxRequest() {
const obj = {
'aa': 1
};
Promise.all([this.$store.dispatch('testUrl', obj)]).then((res) => {});
}
},
beforeRouteEnter(to, from, next) {
next(vm => {
/*
如果 to.meta.savedPosition === undefined 说明是刷新页面或可以叫第一次进入页面 需要刷新数据
如果to.meta.keepAlive === false, 那么说明是需要请求的;
此时需要刷新数据，获取新的列表内容。
否则的话 什么都不做，直接使用 keep-alive中的缓存
*/
if (to.meta.savedPosition === undefined) {
vm.ajaxRequest();
}
if (!to.meta.keepAlive) {
vm.ajaxRequest();
}
})
}
};
</script>Note that the b component does not re-request data from the a component (including clicked links and browsers) Back button), the c component requests data from the a component (including clicked links and browser back buttons).
The above is what I compiled for everyone. I hope it will be helpful to everyone in the future.
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