Python の面接でよくある質問と回答のまとめ

>>> import copy
>>> b=copy.deepcopy(a)

>>> b=copy.copy(a)

>>> mylist=[1,3,3]
>>> mylist[1]=2
>>> mytuple=(1,3,3)
>>> mytuple[1]=2
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#97>", line 1, in <module>
mytuple[1]=2

TypeError: ‘tuple’ object does not support item assignment

[on true] if [expression] else [on false]

>>> a,b=2,3
>>> min=a if a<b else b
>>> min

2
>>> print("Hi") if a<b else print("Bye")

Hi

>>> import copy
>>> help(copy.copy)

Help on function copy in module copy:

copy(x)

Shallow copy operation on arbitrary Python objects.

See the module’s __doc__ string for more info.

>>> dir(copy.copy)

[‘__annotations__’, ‘__call__’, ‘__class__’, ‘__closure__’, ‘__code__’, ‘__defaults__’, ‘__delattr__’, ‘__dict__’, ‘__dir__’, ‘__doc__’, ‘__eq__’, ‘__format__’, ‘__ge__’, ‘__get__’, ‘__getattribute__’, ‘__globals__’, ‘__gt__’, ‘__hash__’, ‘__init__’, ‘__init_subclass__’, ‘__kwdefaults__’, ‘__le__’, ‘__lt__’, ‘__module__’, ‘__name__’, ‘__ne__’, ‘__new__’, ‘__qualname__’, ‘__reduce__’, ‘__reduce_ex__’, ‘__repr__’, ‘__setattr__’, ‘__sizeof__’, ‘__str__’, ‘__subclasshook__’]

>>> class A:
    def func(self):
        print("Hi")
>>> def monkey(self):
print "Hi, monkey"
>>> m.A.func = monkey
>>> a = m.A()
>>> a.func()

Hi, Monkey

>>> roots={25:5,16:4,9:3,4:2,1:1}
>>> type(roots)
<class &#39;dict&#39;>
>>> roots[9]

3

>>> roots={x**2:x for x in range(5,0,-1)}
>>> roots

{25: 5, 16: 4, 9: 3, 4: 2, 1: 1}

>>> def func(*args):
    for i in args:
        print(i)  
>>> func(3,2,1,4,7)

3
2
1
4
7

>>> def func(**kwargs):
    for i in kwargs:
        print(i,kwargs[i])
>>> func(a=1,b=2,c=7)

a.1

b.2

c.7

>>> import os

>>> os.chdir('C:\Users\lifei\Desktop')
>>> with open('Today.txt') as today:
    count=0
    for i in today.read():
        if i.isupper():
            count+=1

26

>>> mylist=[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]

>>> mylist[-3]

6

>>> mylist[-6:-1]

[3, 4, 5, 6, 7]

>>> from random import shuffle
>>> shuffle(mylist)
>>> mylist

[3, 4, 8, 0, 5, 7, 6, 2, 1]

Join()能让我们将指定字符添加至字符串中。

>>> ','.join('12345')

‘1,2,3,4,5’

>>> '1,2,3,4,5'.split(',')

[‘1’, ‘2’, ‘3’, ‘4’, ‘5’]

>>> myname='Ayushi'
>>> Myname
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#3>", line 1, in <module>

Myname
NameError: name ‘Myname’ is not defined

>>> '   Ayushi '.lstrip()

‘Ayushi   ‘

>>> '   Ayushi '.rstrip()

‘   Ayushi’

>>> 'AyuShi'.lower()

‘ayushi’

>>> 'AyuShi'.upper()

‘AYUSHI’

>>> 'AyuShi'.isupper()
False
>>> 'AYUSHI'.isupper()
True
>>> 'ayushi'.islower()
True
>>> '@yu$hi'.islower()
True
>>> '@YU$HI'.isupper()
True

>>> 'The Corpse Bride'.istitle()
True

>>> def func(*args):
          pass 
>>>

>>> for i in range(7):
    if i==3: break
print(i)

0
1
2

>>> for i in range(7):
    if i==3: continue
print(i)

0
1
2 
4 
5
6

>>> def A(x):
    def B():
        print(x)
    return B
>>> A(7)()

17

//运算符执行地板除法（向下取整除），它会返回整除结果的整数部分。
>>> 7//2
3

>>> 2**10
1024

>>> 13%7
6
>>> 3.5%1.5
0.5

>>> 7+8
15

>>> 7-8
-1

>>> 7*8
56

>>> 7/8
0.875
>>> 1/1
1.0

>>> &#39;hi&#39;<&#39;Hi&#39;
False

>>> 1.1+2.2>3.3
True

>>> 3.0<=3
True

>>> True>=False
True

>>> {1,3,2,2}=={1,2,3}
True

>>> True!=0.1
True
>>> False!=0.1
True

>>> a=7
>>> a+=1
>>> a
8
>>> a-=1
>>> a
7
>>> a*=2
>>> a
14
>>> a/=2
>>> a
7.0 
>>> a**=2
>>> a
49
>>> a//=3
>>> a
16.0
>>> a%=4
>>> a
0.0

>>> False and True
False

>>> 7<7 or True
True

>>> not 2==2
False

>>> 'me' in 'disappointment'
True

>>> 'us' not in 'disappointment'
True

>>> 10 is '10'
False

>>> True is not False
True

>>> 0b110 & 0b010
2

>>> 3|2
3

>>> 3^2
1

>>> ~2
-3

>>> 1<<2
4

>>> 4>>2
1

>>> int(0b1010)
10

>>> bin(0xf)
‘0b1111’

>>> oct(8)
‘0o10’

>>> hex(16)
‘0x10’

>>> hex(15)
‘0xf’

>>> mydict={'a':1,'b':2,'c':3,'e':5}
>>> mydict.keys()
dict_keys(['a', 'b', 'c', 'e'])

>>> a,b,c=3,4,5 #This assigns 3, 4, and 5 to a, b, and c respectively
>>> a=b=c=3 #This assigns 3 to a, b, and c

>>> mytuple=3,4,5
>>> mytuple
(3, 4, 5)

>>> x,y,z=mytuple
>>> x+y+z