java - netty如何实现向客户端主动发送消息
ringa_lee
ringa_lee 2017-04-18 09:03:28
0
4
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需求场景:
智能家居网关(以下简称gateway),需要和netty服务器通讯(以下简称netty),netty和gateway之间需要保持长连接(换句话说,netty和gateway之间都会主动给对方发送消息)

碰到的问题:
netty作为服务器端如何主动的向gateway发送消息,我尝试当每个gateway连接到netty(TCP/IP)时使用一个map把该channelSocket的id和该channelSocket绑定在一起

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        String uuid = ctx.channel().id().asLongText();
        GatewayService.addGatewayChannel(uuid, (SocketChannel)ctx.channel());
        System.out.println("a new connect come in: " + uuid);
    }

GatewayService其实就是一个ConcurrentHashMap

public class GatewayService {
    
    private static Map<String, SocketChannel> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    
    public static void addGatewayChannel(String id, SocketChannel gateway_channel){
        map.put(id, gateway_channel);
    }
    
    public static Map<String, SocketChannel> getChannels(){
        return map;
    }

    public static SocketChannel getGatewayChannel(String id){
        return map.get(id);
    }
    
    public static void removeGatewayChannel(String id){
        map.remove(id);
    }
}

我在服务器端尝试每间隔一段时间loop这个ConcurrentHashMap如果里面已经有绑定的channelSocket,就使用write方法向客户端发送消息

Runnable sendTask = new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                sendTaskLoop:
                    for(;;){
                        System.out.println("task is beginning...");
                        try{
                            Map<String, SocketChannel> map = GatewayService.getChannels();
                            Iterator<String> it = map.keySet().iterator();
                            while (it.hasNext()) {
                                String key = it.next();
                                SocketChannel obj = map.get(key);
                                System.out.println("channel id is: " + key);
                                System.out.println("channel: " + obj.isActive());
                                obj.writeAndFlush("hello, it is Server test header ping");
                            }
                        }catch(Exception e){break sendTaskLoop;}
                        try {
                            Thread.sleep(5000);
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
            }
        };
        new Thread(sendTask).start();

理论上客户端应该是可以接受到我发送的消息,但是我观察了一下源代码,发现writeAndFlush这个方法最终会被handler触发,于是我又在handler中覆写了write方法

    @Override
    public void write(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg, ChannelPromise promise) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("write handler");
        ctx.writeAndFlush(msg);
    }

可是最终结果客户端并没有收到任何消息,请问netty如何主动向客户端发送消息?

ringa_lee
ringa_lee

ringa_lee

répondre à tous(4)
阿神

可以大概猜测到是服务端没有编码器,因此根本发不出去
从贴出的代码里可以看到代码里往客户端发消息时有两种方式:

obj.writeAndFlush("hello, it is Server test header ping");

ctx.writeAndFlush(msg);//Object

在netty里,进出的都是ByteBuf,楼主应确定服务端是否有对应的编码器,将字符串转化为ByteBuf

巴扎黑

GatewayService这里保存channel的时候不需要强制转换成SocketChannel类型,
拿到channel做writeAndFlush是没有问题的。
为了进一步排查问题,可以这么做,
1.对ctx.writeAndFlush(msg);的Promise结果做监听,比如

ctx.writeAndFlush(msg).addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {

    @Override
    public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
        if (future.isSuccess()) {
            // do sth
        } else {
            // do sth
        }
    }
});

2.注意客户端和服务端两边的编码器和解码器是否相同

Peter_Zhu

推荐使用ChannelGroup管理客户端。领导服务器端推送不出去可能是因为没有编码器的原因,ctx.writeAndFlush是不能直接写串类型的。

PHPzhong

你好,你的代码可以这样修改:
Handler的代码修改如下:
@Override

public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
    String uuid = ctx.channel().id().asLongText();
    GatewayService.addGatewayChannel(uuid, ctx);
    logger.info("a new connect come in: " + uuid);
    logger.info("a new connect come in remote ip: " + ctx.channel().remoteAddress());
}

GatewayService:

public class GatewayService {

private static Map<String, Object> map = new ConcurrentHashMap();
public static void addGatewayChannel(String id, ChannelHandlerContext gateway_ctx){
    map.put(id, gateway_ctx);
}
public static Map<String, Object> getChannels(){
    return map;
}

public static Object getGatewayChannel(String id){
    return map.get(id);
}

public static void removeGatewayChannel(String id){
    map.remove(id);
}

}

遍历客户端的代码如下:
public class TimeTask implements Runnable{

private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(TcpCMDHandler.class);
public static final String CHARSET = "UTF-8";
@Override
public void run() {
    sendTaskLoop:
    for(;;){
        System.out.println("task is beginning...");
        try{
            Map<String, Object> map = GatewayService.getChannels();
            Iterator<String> it = map.keySet().iterator();
            while (it.hasNext()) {
                String key = it.next();
                ChannelHandlerContext ctx = (ChannelHandlerContext)map.get(key);
                logger.info("channel id is: " + key);
                logger.info("channel: " + ctx.channel().isActive());

                String bak = "hello, every one!";
                byte[] responB = bak.getBytes(CHARSET);
    //            ByteBuf response = Unpooled.buffer(responB.length);

                final ByteBuf time = ctx.alloc().buffer(responB.length);
                time.writeBytes(responB);

                ctx.writeAndFlush(time); // (3)

// obj.writeAndFlush("hello, it is Server test header ping");

            }
        }catch(Exception e){
            break
            sendTaskLoop;
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

}

这样就可以了。本人亲测,可以

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