Comment démarrer rapidement avec vue3, apprenez ces API !

const ref1 = ref(1);
const ref2 = ref<number>(2);
const ref3 = ref1.value;//不是响应式，相当于变量
const ref4 = ref();//refs.value是undefined
ref2.value = 5;//赋值 读取都要.value

//不建议，内部也是reactive处理
const ref1 = ref({
  a: 10,
});

//不确定类型
const ref3 = ref<string | number>();
ref3.value = 1;
ref3.value = "";

//数组对象，ts类型声明，用泛型
type Obj1 = { c: string };
type Obj2 = {
  b: string;
  c: Obj1[];
};
const ref2 = ref<Obj2[]>([
  {
    b: "",
    c: [{ c: "" }],
  },
]);

type Obj = {
  a: number;
  b: string;
};
let obj = reactive<Obj>({
  a: 10,
  b: "",
});
let state = reactive({
  a: 10,
  b: "",
});

const count = ref(1)
const obj = reactive({ count })

// ref 会被解包
console.log(obj.count === count.value) // true

// 它会更新 `obj.count`
count.value++
console.log(count.value) // 2
console.log(obj.count) // 2

// 它也会更新 `count` ref
obj.count++
console.log(obj.count) // 3
console.log(count.value) // 3

//跟上面一样效果
const count = ref(1)
const obj = reactive({})
obj.count = count
console.log(obj.count) // 1
console.log(obj.count === count.value) // true

const state = reactive({
  foo: 1,
  bar: 2
})

const fooRef = toRef(state, 'foo')

fooRef.value++
console.log(state.foo) // 2

state.foo++
console.log(fooRef.value) // 3

const state = reactive({
  foo: 1,
  bar: 2
})

const stateAsRefs = toRefs(state)
/*
stateAsRefs 的类型:
{
  foo: Ref<number>,
  bar: Ref<number>
}
*/

// ref 和原始 property 已经“链接”起来了
state.foo++
console.log(stateAsRefs.foo.value) // 2

stateAsRefs.foo.value++
console.log(state.foo) // 3

//一般ref不用这种方式
let count = ref(0);
watch(
  () => count.value,
  (val, old) => {
    console.log(old, val);
  }
);

//单个ref推荐
watch(count, (val, old) => {
  console.log(old, val);
});

//监听reactive对象
let state = reactive({ count: 0 });
//函数参数必须具体到某个值，如果是() => state无效，或者加上{ deep: true }
watch(
  () => state.count,
  (val, old) => {
    console.log(old, val);
  }
);

//加上{ deep: true }
watch(
  () => state,
  (val, old) => {
    console.log(old, val);
  },
  { deep: true }
);

//监听整个对象，新旧的值都相同，或者用lodash.cloneDeep进行深拷贝
//state改成() => _.cloneDeep(state)
watch(state, (val, old) => {
  console.log(old.count, val.count);
});

const state = reactive({ count: 1 });
const count = ref(0);
// 监听一个数组
watch(
  [() => state.count, count],
  ([newState, newCount], [oldState, oldCount]) => {
    console.log("new:", newState, newCount);
    console.log("old:", oldState, oldCount);
  }
);

const state = reactive({ count: 1 });
const count = ref(0);

watchEffect(() => {
  if (state.count > 3) {
    count.value++;
  }
});
watchEffect(() => console.log(count.value));

let count = ref(0);
let page = ref(0);
let pg = computed(() => {
  return count.value + page.value;
});

//父组件
<template>
  <div class="home">
    <input v-model="msg" />
    <HelloWorld :msg="msg" @change="change" />
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts" setup>
import { ref } from "vue";
import HelloWorld from "@/components/HelloWorld.vue";
let msg = ref("is parent");
const change = (val: string) => {
  msg.value = val;
};
</script>

//子组件
<template>
  <div>{{ msg }}</div>
  <button @click="change">emit</button>
</template>

<script lang="ts" setup>
import { defineProps, defineEmits } from "vue";
const props = defineProps({
  msg: String,
});
console.log(props.msg);

const emit = defineEmits(["change"]);
const change = () => {
  emit("change", "is son");
};
</script>

//设置默认值
defineProps({
  msg: {
    type: Number,
    default: 100,
  },
});

type Porps = {
  msg: string;
};
const props = withDefaults(defineProps<Porps>(), {
  msg: "default",
});

watch(
  () => props.msg,
  (val) => {
    console.log(val);
  }
);

<button ref="testRef">testRef</button>

let testRef = ref(null);
onMounted(() => {
  // DOM 元素将在初始渲染后分配给 ref
  console.log(testRef.value); // <button>testRef</button>
});

nextTick(() => {
  console.log(testRef.value);
});

let testRef = ref(null);
const nextTickFn = async () => {
  await nextTick();
  console.log(testRef.value);
};
nextTickFn();

//父组件
<template>
  <div class="home">
    <HelloWorld ref="sonRef" />
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts" setup>
import { nextTick, ref } from "vue";
import HelloWorld from "@/components/HelloWorld.vue";
let sonRef = ref();
nextTick(() => {
  sonRef.value.sonFn();
  console.log(sonRef.value.sonRef);
});
</script>

//子组件
let sonRef = ref("is son");
const sonFn = () => {
  console.log("is son fn");
};
defineExpose({ sonFn, sonRef });

//父组件
const parentRef = ref("is parent ref");
const parentFn = () => {
  console.log("is parent fn");
};
defineExpose({
  parentRef,
  parentFn,
});

//子组件
let parent = getCurrentInstance();
console.log(parent?.parent?.exposed?.parentRef.value);
parent?.parent?.exposed?.parentFn();

<teleport to="#teleportDiv">
  <HelloWorld />
</teleport>

<teleport to="body">
  <HelloWorld />
</teleport>

onMounted(() => {
  console.log("mounted");
});