L'utilisation combinée de lxml-etree et xpath dans le robot d'exploration Python (avec cas)

# 先安装lxml
# 用 lxml 来解析HTML代码

from lxml import etree

text = &#39;&#39;&#39;<p>
    <ul>
        <li class="item-0"><a href="0.html">item 0 </a></li>
        <li class="item-1"><a href="1.html">item 1 </a></li>
        <li class="item-2"><a href="2.html">item 2 </a></li>
        <li class="item-3"><a href="3.html">item 3 </a></li>
        <li class="item-4"><a href="4.html">item 4 </a></li>
        <li class="item-5"><a href="5.html">item 5 </a></li>
    </ul>     </p>&#39;&#39;&#39;

# 利用 etree.HTML 把字符串解析成 HTML 文件
html = etree.HTML(text)
s = etree.tostring(html).decode()

print(s)

# lxml-etree读取文件from lxml import etree

xml = etree.parse("./py24.xml")
sxml = etree.tostring(xml, pretty_print=True)

print(sxml)

# lxml-etree读取文件from lxml import etree

xml = etree.parse("./py24.xml")
print(type(xml))# 查找所有 book 节点rst = xml.xpath('//book')
print(type(rst))
print(rst)# 查找带有 category 属性值为 sport 的元素rst2 = xml.xpath('//book[@category="sport"]')

print(type(rst2))
print(rst2)# 查找带有category属性值为sport的元素的book元素下到的year元素rst3 = xml.xpath('//book[@category="sport"]/year')
rst3 = rst3[0]

print('-------------\n',type(rst3))
print(rst3.tag)
print(rst3.text)