Explication détaillée d'Asp.net MVC SignalR pour un exemple de code de chat Web en temps réel

 <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR" version="2.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />
 <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.Core" version="2.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />
 <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.JS" version="2.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />
 <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.SystemWeb" version="2.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />

[assembly: OwinStartup(typeof(Stage.Api.Extend.Startup))]
namespace Stage.Api.Extend
{
  public class Startup
  {
    public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
    {
      app.MapSignalR("/chat", new Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.HubConfiguration
      {
        EnableDetailedErrors = true,
        EnableJavaScriptProxies = true
      });
    }
  }
}

public class ChatHub : Hub
  {
    //
    public int Num = 10001;
    public static List<MoHubUser> _Users = new List<MoHubUser>();

    /// <summary>
    /// 添加聊天人
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="user"></param>
    public void AddUser(MoHubUser user)
    {

      user.Id = Context.ConnectionId;
      if (!_Users.Any(b => b.Id == user.Id))
      {
        _Users.Add(user);
      }

      //Clients.All.newUser(user);
      Clients.All.userList(_Users);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 发送信息
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="user"></param>
    /// <param name="message"></param>
    public void SendAll(MoHubUser user, string message)
    {
      Clients.All.addNewMessageToPage(user, message);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 某个聊天人退出是，通知所有在线人重新加载聊天人数
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="stopCalled"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public override System.Threading.Tasks.Task OnDisconnected(bool stopCalled)
    {
      var user = _Users.SingleOrDefault(x => x.Id == Context.ConnectionId);
      if (user != null)
      {
        _Users.Remove(user);
        Clients.All.userList(_Users);
      }
      return base.OnDisconnected(stopCalled);
    }
  }

public class MoHubUser
  {

    public string Id { get; set; }
    public string NickName { get; set; }
    public string TransportMethod { get; set; }
  }

 @{
  ViewBag.Title = "神牛聊天室 - SignalR";
}
<style type="text/css">
  .p_left {
    width: 70%;
    float: left;
  }

  .p_right {
    width: 28%;
    float: left;
  }

  .ul {
    list-style: none;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    height: 500px;
    overflow-y: scroll;
    color: black;
  }

    .ul li {
      padding-top: 5px;
      padding-right: 25px;
    }

  .ul_user {
    list-style: none;
  }

    .ul_user li {
      padding-top: 5px;
    }

  .send {
    position: relative;
    background: #eae7e7;
    border-radius: 5px; /* 圆角 */
    padding-top: 4px;
    padding-left: 5px;
    margin-top: 13px;
  }

    .send .arrow {
      position: absolute;
      top: -16px;
      font-size: 0;
      border: solid 8px;
      border-color: #fff #fff #eae7e7 #fff;
    }
</style>
<h3>@ViewBag.Title 在线人数：<span id="sapnUserTotal">0</span>人</h3>
<p class="container text-left">
  <p class="p_left">
    <ul class="ul" id="discussion"></ul>
    <textarea rows="5" class="form-control" id="message" maxlength="500" placeholder="开始聊天. . ." style="max-width: 100%"></textarea><br />
    <input type="button" id="sendmessage" value="发 送" class="btn btn-default" />
    <input type="hidden" id="displayname" />
  </p>
  <p class="p_right">
    <ul id="users" class="ul_user"></ul>
  </p>
</p>

<script src="~/Scripts/jquery.signalR-2.2.2.min.js"></script>
@*<script src="~/chat/hubs"></script>*@

var chat = $.connection.chatHub;
    chat.client.newUser = function (user) {
      $("#users").append(&#39; <li><strong>&#39; + user.NickName + &#39;[&#39; + user.TransportMethod + &#39;]</strong></li>&#39;);
    };

    chat.client.userList = function (users) {
      console.log(users);
      $("#sapnUserTotal").html(users.length);
      $.each(users, function (i, item) {
        $("#users").append(&#39; <li>[&#39; + item.TransportMethod + &#39;] <strong>&#39; + item.NickName + &#39;</strong>(&#39; + item.Id + &#39;)</li>&#39;);
      });
    };
    chat.client.addNewMessageToPage = function (user, message) {
      console.log(user);
      $("#discussion").append(&#39; <li ><span><strong>&#39; + user.NickName + &#39;[&#39; + user.TransportMethod + &#39;]</strong>：</span><p class="send">&#39; + message + &#39;<p class="arrow"></p></p></li>&#39;);
    };
  //connection.hub.start({ transport: [&#39;webSockets&#39;, &#39;longPolling&#39;] }).done(function () {
    //  my.TransportMethod = connection.hub.transport.name;
    //  chat.server.addUser(my);

    //  $(&#39;#sendmessage&#39;).click(function () {
    //    //console.log(chat);
    //    var content = $.trim($(&#39;#message&#39;).val());
    //    if (content.length <= 0) { $(&#39;#message&#39;).val(&#39;&#39;).focus(); return; }
    //    chat.server.sendAll(my, content);
    //    $(&#39;#message&#39;).val(&#39;&#39;).focus();
    //  });
    //}).fail(function () {
    //  alert("链接聊天室失败，请重新刷新页面。");
    //});

var my = { NickName: "神牛001", TransportMethod: "" };
    var connection = $.hubConnection("/chat/hubs");
    var chat = connection.createHubProxy('chatHub');

    chat.on("userList", function (users) {
      console.log(users);
      $("#sapnUserTotal").html(users.length);
      $("#users").html("");
      $.each(users, function (i, item) {
        $("#users").append(&#39; <li>[&#39; + item.TransportMethod + &#39;] <strong>&#39; + item.NickName + &#39;</strong>(&#39; + item.Id + &#39;)</li>&#39;);
      });
    });

    chat.on("addNewMessageToPage", function (user, message) {
      console.log(user);
      $("#discussion").append(&#39; <li ><span><strong>&#39; + user.NickName + &#39;[&#39; + user.TransportMethod + &#39;]</strong>：</span><p class="send">&#39; + message + &#39;<p class="arrow"></p></p></li>&#39;);

      var p = document.getElementById(&#39;discussion&#39;);
      //p.scrollTop = p.scrollHeight;
      p.scrollTop = 999999;
    });

    var nickName = prompt("请输入一个昵称：", my.NickName);
    my.NickName = nickName.length > 0 ? nickName : my.NickName;
    $(&#39;#displayname&#39;).val(nickName);
    $(&#39;#message&#39;).focus();
   

    connection.start({ transport: [&#39;webSockets&#39;, &#39;longPolling&#39;] }).done(function () {

      my.TransportMethod = connection.transport.name;
      //console.log(my.TransportMethod);
      chat.invoke("addUser", my);

      $(&#39;#sendmessage&#39;).click(function () {
        var content = $.trim($(&#39;#message&#39;).val());
        if (content.length <= 0) { $(&#39;#message&#39;).val(&#39;&#39;).focus(); return; }

        chat.invoke("sendAll", my, content);
        $(&#39;#message&#39;).val(&#39;&#39;).focus();
      });
    });