Explication détaillée de l'exemple de code de planche à dessin réseau HTML5 Canvas super cool
Dans le didacticiel HTML d'aujourd'hui, nous allons apprendre à utiliser HTML5 Canvas pour implémenter un outil super cool et simple Fonction de planche à dessin réseau. Dans ce didacticiel, nous pouvons choisir le type de pinceau, la taille du pinceau et la couleur du pinceau. Bien sûr, en tant que planche à dessin, elle a également besoin de nombreuses fonctions. Voici uniquement les fonctions de dessin les plus élémentaires. implémentez vous-même des éléments complexes tels que des rectangles et des ellipses.
Vous pouvez également voir la démonstration DEMO ici
Analysons brièvement les principes et principes de mise en œuvre de cette planche à dessin de page Web HTML5 . Code, le code est constitué de HTML et de Javascript, principalement du code Javascript.
<p style="width:530px;margin:10px auto"> <p id="canvasp"></p> </p>
Le code HTML est très simple. Il construit simplement un conteneur de canevas et notre plan de travail est généré ici.
Nous définissons d'abord le style du plan de travail à travers un ensemble de variables, et initialisons certaines données :
var canvas; var context; var canvasWidth = 490; var canvasHeight = 220; var padding = 25; var lineWidth = 8; var colorPurple = "#cb3594"; var colorGreen = "#659b41"; var colorYellow = "#ffcf33"; var colorBrown = "#986928"; var outlineImage = new Image(); var crayonImage = new Image(); var markerImage = new Image(); var eraserImage = new Image(); var crayonBackgroundImage = new Image(); var markerBackgroundImage = new Image(); var eraserBackgroundImage = new Image(); var crayonTextureImage = new Image(); var clickX = new Array(); var clickY = new Array(); var clickColor = new Array(); var clickTool = new Array(); var clickSize = new Array(); var clickDrag = new Array(); var paint = false; var curColor = colorPurple; var curTool = "crayon"; var curSize = "normal"; var mediumStartX = 18; var mediumStartY = 19; var mediumImageWidth = 93; var mediumImageHeight = 46; var drawingAreaX = 111; var drawingAreaY = 11; var drawingAreaWidth = 267; var drawingAreaHeight = 200; var toolHotspotStartY = 23; var toolHotspotHeight = 38; var sizeHotspotStartY = 157; var sizeHotspotHeight = 36; var sizeHotspotWidthObject = new Object(); sizeHotspotWidthObject.huge = 39; sizeHotspotWidthObject.large = 25; sizeHotspotWidthObject.normal = 18; sizeHotspotWidthObject.small = 16; var totalLoadResources = 8; var curLoadResNum = 0;
Ensuite, nous commençons à préparer le canevas , c'est-à-dire Initialiser l'objet Canvas :
function prepareCanvas() { // Create the canvas (Neccessary for IE because it doesn't know what a canvas element is) var canvasp = document.getElementById('canvasp'); canvas = document.createElement('canvas'); canvas.setAttribute('width', canvasWidth); canvas.setAttribute('height', canvasHeight); canvas.setAttribute('id', 'canvas'); canvasp.appendChild(canvas); if(typeof G_vmlCanvasManager != 'undefined') { canvas = G_vmlCanvasManager.initElement(canvas); } context = canvas.getContext("2d"); // Grab the 2d canvas context // Note: The above code is a workaround for IE 8 and lower. Otherwise we could have used: // context = document.getElementById('canvas').getContext("2d"); // Load images // ----------- crayonImage.onload = function() { resourceLoaded(); }; crayonImage.src = "images/crayon-outline.png"; //context.drawImage(crayonImage, 0, 0, 100, 100); markerImage.onload = function() { resourceLoaded(); }; markerImage.src = "images/marker-outline.png"; eraserImage.onload = function() { resourceLoaded(); }; eraserImage.src = "images/eraser-outline.png"; crayonBackgroundImage.onload = function() { resourceLoaded(); }; crayonBackgroundImage.src = "images/crayon-background.png"; markerBackgroundImage.onload = function() { resourceLoaded(); }; markerBackgroundImage.src = "images/marker-background.png"; eraserBackgroundImage.onload = function() { resourceLoaded(); }; eraserBackgroundImage.src = "images/eraser-background.png"; crayonTextureImage.onload = function() { resourceLoaded(); }; crayonTextureImage.src = "images/crayon-texture.png"; outlineImage.onload = function() { resourceLoaded(); }; outlineImage.src = "images/watermelon-duck-outline.png"; // Add mouse events // ---------------- $('#canvas').mousedown(function(e) { // Mouse down location var mouseX = e.pageX - this.offsetLeft; var mouseY = e.pageY - this.offsetTop; if(mouseX < drawingAreaX) // Left of the drawing area { if(mouseX > mediumStartX) { if(mouseY > mediumStartY && mouseY < mediumStartY + mediumImageHeight){ curColor = colorPurple; }else if(mouseY > mediumStartY + mediumImageHeight && mouseY < mediumStartY + mediumImageHeight * 2){ curColor = colorGreen; }else if(mouseY > mediumStartY + mediumImageHeight * 2 && mouseY < mediumStartY + mediumImageHeight * 3){ curColor = colorYellow; }else if(mouseY > mediumStartY + mediumImageHeight * 3 && mouseY < mediumStartY + mediumImageHeight * 4){ curColor = colorBrown; } } } else if(mouseX > drawingAreaX + drawingAreaWidth) // Right of the drawing area { if(mouseY > toolHotspotStartY) { if(mouseY > sizeHotspotStartY) { var sizeHotspotStartX = drawingAreaX + drawingAreaWidth; if(mouseY < sizeHotspotStartY + sizeHotspotHeight && mouseX > sizeHotspotStartX) { if(mouseX < sizeHotspotStartX + sizeHotspotWidthObject.huge){ curSize = "huge"; }else if(mouseX < sizeHotspotStartX + sizeHotspotWidthObject.large + sizeHotspotWidthObject.huge){ curSize = "large"; }else if(mouseX < sizeHotspotStartX + sizeHotspotWidthObject.normal + sizeHotspotWidthObject.large + sizeHotspotWidthObject.huge){ curSize = "normal"; }else if(mouseX < sizeHotspotStartX + sizeHotspotWidthObject.small + sizeHotspotWidthObject.normal + sizeHotspotWidthObject.large + sizeHotspotWidthObject.huge){ curSize = "small"; } } } else { if(mouseY < toolHotspotStartY + toolHotspotHeight){ curTool = "crayon"; }else if(mouseY < toolHotspotStartY + toolHotspotHeight * 2){ curTool = "marker"; }else if(mouseY < toolHotspotStartY + toolHotspotHeight * 3){ curTool = "eraser"; } } } } else if(mouseY > drawingAreaY && mouseY < drawingAreaY + drawingAreaHeight) { // Mouse click location on drawing area } paint = true; addClick(mouseX, mouseY, false); redraw(); }); $('#canvas').mousemove(function(e){ if(paint==true){ addClick(e.pageX - this.offsetLeft, e.pageY - this.offsetTop, true); redraw(); } }); $('#canvas').mouseup(function(e){ paint = false; redraw(); }); $('#canvas').mouseleave(function(e){ paint = false; }); }
Cela semble très compliqué. Le recto sert principalement à initialiser l'image d'arrière-plan du canevas, et le verso sert à initialiser les événements du pinceau, tels que le clic, le mouseup. , mouseleave et autres événements de souris.
Voici les principales méthodes de dessin :
function redraw() { // Make sure required resources are loaded before redrawing if(curLoadResNum < totalLoadResources){ return; } clearCanvas(); var locX; var locY; if(curTool == "crayon") { // Draw the crayon tool background context.drawImage(crayonBackgroundImage, 0, 0, canvasWidth, canvasHeight); // Purple locX = (curColor == colorPurple) ? 18 : 52; locY = 19; context.beginPath(); context.moveTo(locX + 41, locY + 11); context.lineTo(locX + 41, locY + 35); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 35); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 33); context.lineTo(locX + 11, locY + 27); context.lineTo(locX + 11, locY + 19); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 13); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 11); context.lineTo(locX + 41, locY + 11); context.closePath(); context.fillStyle = colorPurple; context.fill(); if(curColor == colorPurple){ context.drawImage(crayonImage, locX, locY, mediumImageWidth, mediumImageHeight); }else{ context.drawImage(crayonImage, 0, 0, 59, mediumImageHeight, locX, locY, 59, mediumImageHeight); } // Green locX = (curColor == colorGreen) ? 18 : 52; locY += 46; context.beginPath(); context.moveTo(locX + 41, locY + 11); context.lineTo(locX + 41, locY + 35); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 35); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 33); context.lineTo(locX + 11, locY + 27); context.lineTo(locX + 11, locY + 19); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 13); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 11); context.lineTo(locX + 41, locY + 11); context.closePath(); context.fillStyle = colorGreen; context.fill(); if(curColor == colorGreen){ context.drawImage(crayonImage, locX, locY, mediumImageWidth, mediumImageHeight); }else{ context.drawImage(crayonImage, 0, 0, 59, mediumImageHeight, locX, locY, 59, mediumImageHeight); } // Yellow locX = (curColor == colorYellow) ? 18 : 52; locY += 46; context.beginPath(); context.moveTo(locX + 41, locY + 11); context.lineTo(locX + 41, locY + 35); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 35); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 33); context.lineTo(locX + 11, locY + 27); context.lineTo(locX + 11, locY + 19); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 13); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 11); context.lineTo(locX + 41, locY + 11); context.closePath(); context.fillStyle = colorYellow; context.fill(); if(curColor == colorYellow){ context.drawImage(crayonImage, locX, locY, mediumImageWidth, mediumImageHeight); }else{ context.drawImage(crayonImage, 0, 0, 59, mediumImageHeight, locX, locY, 59, mediumImageHeight); } // Yellow locX = (curColor == colorBrown) ? 18 : 52; locY += 46; context.beginPath(); context.moveTo(locX + 41, locY + 11); context.lineTo(locX + 41, locY + 35); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 35); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 33); context.lineTo(locX + 11, locY + 27); context.lineTo(locX + 11, locY + 19); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 13); context.lineTo(locX + 29, locY + 11); context.lineTo(locX + 41, locY + 11); context.closePath(); context.fillStyle = colorBrown; context.fill(); if(curColor == colorBrown){ context.drawImage(crayonImage, locX, locY, mediumImageWidth, mediumImageHeight); }else{ context.drawImage(crayonImage, 0, 0, 59, mediumImageHeight, locX, locY, 59, mediumImageHeight); } } else if(curTool == "marker") { // Draw the marker tool background context.drawImage(markerBackgroundImage, 0, 0, canvasWidth, canvasHeight); // Purple locX = (curColor == colorPurple) ? 18 : 52; locY = 19; context.beginPath(); context.moveTo(locX + 10, locY + 24); context.lineTo(locX + 10, locY + 24); context.lineTo(locX + 22, locY + 16); context.lineTo(locX + 22, locY + 31); context.closePath(); context.fillStyle = colorPurple; context.fill(); if(curColor == colorPurple){ context.drawImage(markerImage, locX, locY, mediumImageWidth, mediumImageHeight); }else{ context.drawImage(markerImage, 0, 0, 59, mediumImageHeight, locX, locY, 59, mediumImageHeight); } // Green locX = (curColor == colorGreen) ? 18 : 52; locY += 46; context.beginPath(); context.moveTo(locX + 10, locY + 24); context.lineTo(locX + 10, locY + 24); context.lineTo(locX + 22, locY + 16); context.lineTo(locX + 22, locY + 31); context.closePath(); context.fillStyle = colorGreen; context.fill(); if(curColor == colorGreen){ context.drawImage(markerImage, locX, locY, mediumImageWidth, mediumImageHeight); }else{ context.drawImage(markerImage, 0, 0, 59, mediumImageHeight, locX, locY, 59, mediumImageHeight); } // Yellow locX = (curColor == colorYellow) ? 18 : 52; locY += 46; context.beginPath(); context.moveTo(locX + 10, locY + 24); context.lineTo(locX + 10, locY + 24); context.lineTo(locX + 22, locY + 16); context.lineTo(locX + 22, locY + 31); context.closePath(); context.fillStyle = colorYellow; context.fill(); if(curColor == colorYellow){ context.drawImage(markerImage, locX, locY, mediumImageWidth, mediumImageHeight); }else{ context.drawImage(markerImage, 0, 0, 59, mediumImageHeight, locX, locY, 59, mediumImageHeight); } // Yellow locX = (curColor == colorBrown) ? 18 : 52; locY += 46; context.beginPath(); context.moveTo(locX + 10, locY + 24); context.lineTo(locX + 10, locY + 24); context.lineTo(locX + 22, locY + 16); context.lineTo(locX + 22, locY + 31); context.closePath(); context.fillStyle = colorBrown; context.fill(); if(curColor == colorBrown){ context.drawImage(markerImage, locX, locY, mediumImageWidth, mediumImageHeight); }else{ context.drawImage(markerImage, 0, 0, 59, mediumImageHeight, locX, locY, 59, mediumImageHeight); } } else if(curTool == "eraser") { context.drawImage(eraserBackgroundImage, 0, 0, canvasWidth, canvasHeight); context.drawImage(eraserImage, 18, 19, mediumImageWidth, mediumImageHeight); }else{ alert("Error: Current Tool is undefined"); } if(curSize == "small"){ locX = 467; }else if(curSize == "normal"){ locX = 450; }else if(curSize == "large"){ locX = 428; }else if(curSize == "huge"){ locX = 399; } locY = 189; context.beginPath(); context.rect(locX, locY, 2, 12); context.closePath(); context.fillStyle = '#333333'; context.fill(); // Keep the drawing in the drawing area context.save(); context.beginPath(); context.rect(drawingAreaX, drawingAreaY, drawingAreaWidth, drawingAreaHeight); context.clip(); var radius; var i = 0; for(; i < clickX.length; i++) { if(clickSize[i] == "small"){ radius = 2; }else if(clickSize[i] == "normal"){ radius = 5; }else if(clickSize[i] == "large"){ radius = 10; }else if(clickSize[i] == "huge"){ radius = 20; }else{ alert("Error: Radius is zero for click " + i); radius = 0; } context.beginPath(); if(clickDrag[i] && i){ context.moveTo(clickX[i-1], clickY[i-1]); }else{ context.moveTo(clickX[i], clickY[i]); } context.lineTo(clickX[i], clickY[i]); context.closePath(); if(clickTool[i] == "eraser"){ //context.globalCompositeOperation = "destination-out"; // To erase instead of draw over with white context.strokeStyle = 'white'; }else{ //context.globalCompositeOperation = "source-over"; // To erase instead of draw over with white context.strokeStyle = clickColor[i]; } context.lineJoin = "round"; context.lineWidth = radius; context.stroke(); } //context.globalCompositeOperation = "source-over";// To erase instead of draw over with white context.restore(); // Overlay a crayon texture (if the current tool is crayon) if(curTool == "crayon"){ context.globalAlpha = 0.4; // No IE support context.drawImage(crayonTextureImage, 0, 0, canvasWidth, canvasHeight); } context.globalAlpha = 1; // No IE support // Draw the outline image context.drawImage(outlineImage, drawingAreaX, drawingAreaY, drawingAreaWidth, drawingAreaHeight); }
En fait, HTML5 nécessite encore beaucoup de support Javascript, mais Canvas est très bon et vous permet de dessiner librement des graphiques et des animations dessus. Cette planche à dessin Web basée sur HTML5 Canvas en est un bon exemple. Téléchargement du code source>
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