Logging best practices in golang function error handling

Best Practice: Use standard or third-party libraries for logging. Log error messages, stack traces, and relevant input parameters. Log errors using different log levels based on severity. Contains request or contextual information such as user ID and client IP. Nest errors to follow error chains. Use the if err != nil statement to check for errors.

Logging best practices in Go function error handling

When handling errors in Go functions, logging is debugging An integral part of the problem and monitoring application. Here are some best practices to help you log errors efficiently:

Use the logging library

• Use the standard library'slog package or third-party library, such as logrus, for logging. These libraries provide a standardized way to log different levels of messages.

Logging error details

• Include the following details in the log message:

  • Error Message
  • Stack trace (if available)
  • Input parameters (if relevant)

Use different log levels

• Log errors to the appropriate log level, such as Error or Fatal. This helps categorize the problem and determine its severity.

Log contextual information

• Contains information about the request or context, for example:

  • User ID
  • Request ID
  • Client IP address

##Actual case

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"
)

func main() {
    err := doSomething()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("Error occurred: %v", err)
    }
}

func doSomething() error {
    // 此函数可能抛出错误，需要处理
    return fmt.Errorf("something went wrong")
}

Error nesting

If nested function calls cause errors, you can use
• errors.Wrap function nesting errors. This helps trace the error chain and determine the root cause.

Error checking

Use the
• if err != nil statement to check for errors. Avoid using panic as it will crash the program.

Example

// 嵌套错误的示例
func doSomething() error {
    err := doSomethingElse()
    if err != nil {
        return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to do something else")
    }

    return nil
}

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