What metadata should be included in Golang function annotations?

Golang function annotations should contain the following metadata: Function signature: function name, type signature, and receiver type (if any). Parameter description: parameter type, purpose and constraints. Return value description: return value type, meaning and usage. Error handling: error conditions, error types, and causes (if an error may be raised).

Metadata that should be included in Golang function comments

Golang function comments are to convey function usage, parameters, returns to developers A valuable tool for values ​​and behavior. Well-designed comments can significantly improve code readability and maintainability. Here are some key metadata that should be included in a function comment:

Function signature

A complete description of the function signature should be included in the comment, including the function name, type signature, and Optional receiver type (if used).

// SumOfSquares 返回两个整数平方的总和。
func SumOfSquares(a int, b int) int {
    return a*a + b*b
}

Parameter Description

Comments should describe each parameter of the function in detail, including its type, purpose, and constraints (if applicable).

// DivideInts 返回两个整数的商和余数。
// 如果第二个参数为 0，则返回一个错误。
func DivideInts(numerator int, denominator int) (quotient int, remainder int, err error) {
    if denominator == 0 {
        err = errors.New("denominator cannot be zero")
        return
    }
    quotient = numerator / denominator
    remainder = numerator % denominator
    return
}

Return value description

If the function returns any value, the comment should describe the type, meaning, and expected usage of the return value.

// Greet 从给定的名称生成一个问候语。
// 如果名称为空字符串，则返回默认问候语。
func Greet(name string) string {
    if name == "" {
        return "Hello, world!"
    }
    return "Hello, " + name + "!"
}

Error handling

For functions that may throw errors, the comment should describe the error condition, including the error type and cause.

// ReadFile 读入指定文件并返回其内容。
// 如果文件不存在或无法读取，则返回一个错误。
func ReadFile(filename string) ([]byte, error) {
    data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filename)
    return data, err
}

Practical Example

The following is an example of an actual function comment written using the above metadata:

// CreateUser 创建一个新用户并将其添加到存储中。
//
// user: 要创建的用户信息，必须提供用户名、密码和电子邮件地址。
//
// 返回：
//  * 新创建用户的 ID，如果操作成功。
//  * 如果操作失败，则返回一个错误。
func CreateUser(user *models.User) (int, error) {
    if user == nil || user.Username == "" || user.Password == "" || user.Email == "" {
        return 0, errors.New("invalid user information")
    }

    // 执行数据库操作...
}

By following these guidelines and in the function comment By including appropriate metadata, you can significantly improve the accessibility and understandability of your Go codebase.

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