Go language data type conversion practical guide: quick start tutorial

Quickly Get Started with Go Language Data Type Conversion: Practical Tutorial

Introduction:
Data type conversion is often encountered in program development, especially when dealing with different This is especially common when data interacts between types. In Go language, data type conversion is very simple and efficient. This article will introduce data type conversion in Go language through practical tutorials, and give specific code examples to help readers get started quickly.

1. Basic data type conversion
   The basic data types in Go language include integer, floating point, string, etc. When converting between different types, you only need to use the type conversion operator to convert the data value to the target type.

For example, convert integer data to floating point data:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var num1 int = 10
    var num2 float64 = float64(num1)  // 将整型转换为浮点型
    fmt.Println(num2)
}

The output result is: 10.0

2. Between string and basic data types Conversion between
   In the Go language, conversion between strings and basic data types is more common. Conversion between strings, integers, and floating point numbers can be achieved through the functions provided by the strconv library.

2.1 Convert string to integer:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    str := "100"
    num, _ := strconv.Atoi(str)  // 字符串转整数
    fmt.Println(num)
}

The output result is: 100

2.2 Convert integer to string:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    num := 100
    str := strconv.Itoa(num)  // 整数转字符串
    fmt.Println(str)
}

The output result is: "100"

3. Conversion between slices and arrays
   In the Go language, data sets can be managed and operated through slices and arrays. When you need to convert a slice into an array or an array into a slice, you can use the syntax provided by the Go language to perform the corresponding conversion.

3.1 Convert slice to array:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    slice := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
    array := [5]int{}
    copy(array[:], slice)  // 切片转数组
    fmt.Println(array)
}

The output result is: [1 2 3 4 5]

3.2 Convert array to slice:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    array := [5]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
    slice := array[:]  // 数组转切片
    fmt.Println(slice)
}

The output result is: [1 2 3 4 5]

4. Conversion between structure and JSON
   In Go language, conversion between structure and JSON is relatively common. Conversion between structures and JSON can be achieved through the Marshal and Unmarshal functions provided by the encoding/json package.

4.1 Convert structure to JSON:

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)

type Person struct {
    Name string `json:"name"`
    Age  int    `json:"age"`
}

func main() {
    p := Person{Name: "Tom", Age: 18}
    data, _ := json.Marshal(p)  // 结构体转JSON
    fmt.Println(string(data))
}

The output result is: {"name":"Tom","age":18}

4.2 Convert JSON Structure:

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)

type Person struct {
    Name string `json:"name"`
    Age  int    `json:"age"`
}

func main() {
    jsonStr := `{"name":"Tom","age":18}`
    p := Person{}
    json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonStr), &p)  // JSON转结构体
    fmt.Println(p)
}

The output result is: {Tom 18}

Conclusion:
Through the practical tutorial of this article, we understand the basic usage of data type conversion in Go language, and give Specific code examples are provided. In actual development, it is very important to master the skills of data type conversion, which can help us handle the mutual conversion between different types of data and improve the flexibility and scalability of the program. I hope this article can help readers quickly get started with Go language data type conversion and apply it in actual development.

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