Analyze and solve the causes of Chinese garbled characters in Tomcat

Analysis and solutions for causes of Chinese garbled characters in Tomcat

In daily web application development, we often encounter the problem of Chinese garbled characters. Especially when using Tomcat as the server, since the default encoding of Tomcat is ISO-8859-1, it is easy to cause the problem of Chinese garbled characters. In order to solve this problem, this article will analyze the causes of Tomcat Chinese garbled characters and give corresponding solutions, including specific code examples.

1. Analysis of causes of garbled characters

1. Tomcat’s default encoding is ISO-8859-1: Tomcat, as a Java Web server, uses ISO-8859-1 as the encoding method by default. Chinese characters do not support ISO-8859-1, so garbled characters will occur when using Tomcat to develop and run Chinese applications.
2. Request parameter encoding problem: When the browser submits a GET or POST request to Tomcat, the Chinese characters in the request parameters may be processed by the browser in a certain encoding method and then passed to Tomcat, and Tomcat needs to be correct These parameters must be decoded to be processed correctly.
3. Response content encoding problem: When Tomcat returns the response result to the browser, if the encoding method is not set correctly, the browser may not be able to correctly decode the response content when it receives it, resulting in Chinese garbled characters.

2. Solution

1. Set Tomcat encoding to UTF-8: Change Tomcat’s default encoding method from ISO-8859-1 to UTF-8. Supports Chinese characters. In Tomcat's configuration file conf/server.xml, find the following code:

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
           connectionTimeout="20000"
           redirectPort="8443" />

Add the URIEncoding="UTF-8" attribute to this code segment, as shown below:

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
           connectionTimeout="20000"
           redirectPort="8443"
           URIEncoding="UTF-8" />

2. Request parameter encoding and decoding: Correctly handle the encoding and decoding process of request parameters in Java code to ensure that parameters are not lost or garbled during transmission. The following is a sample code that uses Servlet to receive and decode GET request parameters:

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    String param = request.getParameter("param");
    // 解码参数为UTF-8编码
    param = new String(param.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "UTF-8");
    // 处理参数...
}

3. Response content encoding settings: Specify the encoding method of the returned content by setting the Content-Type field of the response header. UTF-8, ensuring the browser can decode it correctly. The following is a sample code that uses Servlet to set response encoding:

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    // 设置响应编码为UTF-8
    response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
    // 输出中文内容
    out.write("中文内容");
    out.flush();
    out.close();
}

3. Summary

Through the analysis and introduction of the causes of Chinese garbled characters in Tomcat, we can solve the problem in Tomcat The problem of Chinese garbled characters appearing in . The main solutions include setting Tomcat encoding to UTF-8, correctly processing request parameter encoding and decoding, setting response content encoding method, etc. At the same time, we also provide corresponding code examples, hoping to help readers better understand and solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters in Tomcat. Of course, specific solutions must be adjusted and applied based on actual conditions. Hope this article is helpful to readers.

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