深入了解Java并发编程：从wait和notify到java.util.concurrent

public class WaitNotifyExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final Object lock = new Object();

        Thread thread1 = new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (lock) {
                try {
                    System.out.println("Thread 1 is waiting");
                    lock.wait();
                    System.out.println("Thread 1 is resumed");
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });

        Thread thread2 = new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (lock) {
                System.out.println("Thread 2 is notifying");
                lock.notify();
            }
        });

        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();
    }
}

Executor executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
executor.execute(() -> {
    // 执行任务
});

Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
lock.lock();
try {
    // 执行线程安全的操作
} finally {
    lock.unlock();
}

Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
Condition condition = lock.newCondition();

lock.lock();
try {
    while (!conditionIsMet()) {
        condition.await();
    }
    // 执行逻辑
} finally {
    lock.unlock();
}

CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(3);

Thread thread1 = new Thread(() -> {
    // 执行任务
    latch.countDown();
});

Thread thread2 = new Thread(() -> {
    // 执行任务
    latch.countDown();
});

Thread thread3 = new Thread(() -> {
    // 执行任务
    latch.countDown();
});

latch.await();
// 等待三个线程执行完毕后继续执行

Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(3);

Thread thread1 = new Thread(() -> {
    try {
        semaphore.acquire();
        // 执行任务
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
        semaphore.release();
    }
});

Thread thread2 = new Thread(() -> {
    try {
        semaphore.acquire();
        // 执行任务
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
        semaphore.release();
    }
});

// 最多允许3个线程同时执行