Swoole development practice: How to optimize resource consumption of concurrent requests

Swoole is a high-performance network communication library based on PHP for developing asynchronous and concurrent network applications. Because of its high-performance characteristics, Swoole has become one of the preferred technologies for many Internet companies. In actual development, how to optimize the resource consumption of concurrent requests has become a challenge that many engineers must face. The following will be combined with code examples to introduce how to use Swoole to optimize the resource consumption of concurrent requests.

1. Use coroutines to improve concurrency

Swoole provides powerful coroutines that can easily implement asynchronous programming. The so-called coroutine refers to a multi-task programming method that saves the current state of a task in the program when it is executed to an intermediate node, switches to another task for execution, and then returns to the original task to continue execution after the other task is completed. . Compared with thread pools, coroutines can avoid a large number of context switches and greatly improve the efficiency of concurrent processing.

The following is a simple example to simulate simultaneous requests to 10 API interfaces and store the results in an array:

<?php
$client = new SwooleCoroutineClient(SWOOLE_TCP);
$client->connect('127.0.0.1', 9501);

$tasks = [];
for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++) {
    $data = [
        'id' => $i + 1,
        'name' => 'Task ' . ($i + 1),
        'uri' => '/api/test',
    ];
    $tasks[] = json_encode($data);
}

foreach ($tasks as $data) {
    $client->send($data);
    $response = $client->recv();
    var_dump(json_decode($response, true));
}

$client->close();

In the above code, we use Swoole to provide The SwooleCoroutineClient class to simulate concurrent requests. First we create an array $tasks to store the interface information to be requested. Then for each task we use $client to send the request and wait for the server to respond. When all requests are completed, the client closes the connection.

2. Use asynchronous MySQL client to improve database operation performance

Swoole also provides an asynchronous MySQL client, which can easily implement asynchronous database operations. Compared with traditional synchronous database operations, asynchronous database operations can greatly improve the performance of database operations.

The following is a simple example to demonstrate how to query the database asynchronously when using the Swoole asynchronous MySQL client:

<?php
$client = new SwooleMySQL;

$client->connect([
    'host' => '127.0.0.1',
    'port' => 3306,
    'user' => 'root',
    'password' => '',
    'database' => 'test',
], function($client) {
    $client->query('SELECT * FROM `user` WHERE `id` > 1', function($client, $result) {
        var_dump($result);
        $client->close();
    });
});

In the above code, we use the SwooleMySQL class provided by Swoole to Query the database asynchronously. First we use the connect() method to connect to the database, and then use the query() method to asynchronously query the database. When the query is complete, we use var_dump() to print the query results and close the database connection.

3. Use the Task Worker mechanism provided by Swoole for asynchronous task processing

Swoole also provides a Task Worker mechanism for executing asynchronous tasks. The Task Worker mechanism can very conveniently realize task distribution and execution. Especially in scenarios that require a large amount of computing or IO operations, the Task Worker mechanism can greatly improve the performance of applications.

The following is a simple example to demonstrate how to perform tasks asynchronously when using Swoole's Task Worker mechanism:

<?php
$server = new SwooleServer('127.0.0.1', 9501);
$server->set([
    'worker_num' => 2,
    'task_worker_num' => 2,
]);

$server->on('start', function($server) {
    echo "Swoole server is started at http://127.0.0.1:9501
";
});

$server->on('receive', function($server, $fd, $from_id, $data) {
    $task_id = $server->task($data);
    echo "New task #{$task_id} is dispatched
";
});

$server->on('task', function($server, $task_id, $from_id, $data) {
    echo "Task #{$task_id} is started
";
    sleep(1);
    echo "Task #{$task_id} is finished
";
    $server->finish("Task #{$task_id} is done");
});

$server->on('finish', function($server, $task_id, $data) {
    echo "Task #{$task_id} is done: {$data}
";
});

$server->start();

In the above code, we first create a Swoole server, The number of workers and task workers is set using the set() method. Then we defined the callback function for processing the request. When receiving the client request, we use the task() method to let Swoole hand the request to the task worker for processing. The task worker will execute the task asynchronously and call the finish() callback function when completed. In the callback function that executes the task, we use echo to print the task status, and use sleep() to simulate the time it takes to execute the task.

Conclusion:

Swoole is a very powerful toolset that can greatly optimize the performance and concurrency of PHP applications. By using the features provided by Swoole such as coroutines, asynchronous MySQL clients, and Task Worker mechanisms, we can easily optimize resource consumption for concurrent requests and enhance application performance and reliability.

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