Web project using Node.js to implement online reservation function

With the continuous development of the Internet, more and more businesses are beginning to use online appointment systems to facilitate customers to make appointments and manage business. Under this circumstance, web projects that use Node.js to implement online reservation functions are gradually becoming a hot topic.

In this article, we will briefly introduce how to develop a web-based online appointment system using Node.js, and provide some code examples, before you start making your own online appointment system, it is hoped that can help you understand the process.

1. Requirements Analysis

Before developing such a Web project, we need to conduct a careful requirements analysis. The following are some necessary functions and features that need to be implemented in this Web project:

• Customers can view and select available times and services on the website.
• Customers can choose any suitable time and send a request to the merchant.
• Merchant can view appointment requests and accept or reject them.
• When the merchant accepts the reservation request, the system will enter the reservation information into the database and send a confirmation email to the customer.
• When a merchant rejects an appointment request, the system will send a rejection email to the customer.

2. Database design

In this example, we will use the MySQL database to save reservation information. You need to create a table called "Appointments" which will contain the following columns:

• ID (Unique Identifier) ​​
• Customer Name
• Customer Email
• Service Type
• Date
• Time
• Status (Pending, Accepted or Rejected)

The following is one that can be used SQL statement to create the table:

CREATE TABLE Appointments (
  ID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  CustomerName VARCHAR(50),
  CustomerEmail VARCHAR(50),
  ServiceType VARCHAR(50),
  AppointmentDate DATE,
  AppointmentTime TIME,
  Status ENUM('Pending', 'Accepted', 'Rejected'),
  PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);

3. Creating a Node.js application

First, we need to install Node.js on the local computer. Now, we will create a Node.js application named "AppointmentSystem".

Create a folder named "AppointmentSystem" and create a file named "app.js" in the folder. This file will be the main file of our Node.js application and contains all of our code.

Follow these steps to install the required third-party Node.js modules:

1. Open a command prompt or terminal and switch to the "AppointmentSystem" folder.
2. Run the following command: npm init
3. Answer all prompt questions using default values ​​to complete the creation of the "package.json" file.
4. Install the following modules:

npm install express ejs nodemailer mysql body-parser express-session --save

• express: This is a popular Node.js framework for building web applications.
• ejs: This is a template engine that can dynamically generate HTML pages.
• nodemailer: This is a Node.js module for sending emails to customers.
• mysql: This is a Node.js module used to connect to the MySQL database.
• body-parser: This is a Node.js middleware for parsing the body of HTTP requests.
• express-session: This is a Node.js middleware for handling sessions.

4. Code implementation

First, we need to introduce all the modules we just installed into our main file "app.js":

const express = require('express');
const ejs = require('ejs');
const nodemailer = require('nodemailer');
const mysql = require('mysql');
const bodyParser = require('body-parser');
const session = require('express-session');

const app = express();

Next, we need to configure the application. Our application will use the default "views" and "public" folders, so we don't need to configure them.

app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({extended: true}));
app.use(session({
  secret: 'mysecretkey',
  resave: true,
  saveUninitialized: true
}));

Next, we need to connect to the MySQL database. We will use the "createConnection" function to create a database connection and then use the object to query.

const pool = mysql.createPool({
  host: 'localhost',
  user: 'root',
  password: 'password',
  database: 'appointments'
});

Now, let’s define our routing function. We define two routes, one for getting the reservation form and the other for submitting the waybill.

app.get('/', (req, res) => {
  res.render('index');
});

app.post('/appointment', (req, res) => {
  const {customerName, customerEmail, serviceType, appointmentDate, appointmentTime} = req.body;

  pool.query('INSERT INTO Appointments SET ?', {
    CustomerName: customerName,
    CustomerEmail: customerEmail,
    ServiceType: serviceType,
    AppointmentDate: appointmentDate,
    AppointmentTime: appointmentTime,
    Status: 'Pending'
  }, (error, results) => {
    if (error) {
      throw error;
    } else {
      const transporter = nodemailer.createTransport({
        service: 'gmail',
        auth: {
          user: 'youremail@gmail.com',
          pass: 'yourpassword'
        }
      });
      
      const mailOptions = {
        from: 'youremail@gmail.com',
        to: customerEmail,
        subject: 'Your Appointment Request',
        text: `Dear ${customerName}, 

Thank you for requesting an appointment with our company. We have received your request and will get back to you as soon as possible. 

Best regards, 
The Company`
      };
      
      transporter.sendMail(mailOptions, (error, info) => {
        if (error) {
          throw error;
        } else {
          console.log(`Email sent: ${info.response}`);
        }
      });
      
      res.render('confirmation', {
        customerName,
        customerEmail,
        serviceType,
        appointmentDate,
        appointmentTime
      });
    }
  });
});

In the above code snippet, first we use the "pool.query" function to insert new reservation records into the MySQL database, and then create a Nodemailer mail transmitter to send confirmation emails to customers. Finally, we render the customer's details onto the confirmation page so they can view their appointment details.

Finally, we need to use the "app.listen" function to start our application and provide a listening port.

app.listen(3000, () => {
  console.log('Server started on port 3000');
});

5. Start the application

To start the server, simply navigate to the Programs folder in the command prompt or terminal and run the following command:

node app.js

Now, open "localhost:3000" in your web browser to use your online reservation system.

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