How to write a simple electronic dictionary program using C++?

How to write a simple electronic dictionary program using C?

With the development of technology, electronic dictionaries have become a common tool in our lives. In this article, I will introduce how to use C to write a simple electronic dictionary program that allows you to quickly look up the meaning of words. This program will use a hash table data structure to store the correspondence between words and their meanings, and provide a user-friendly interactive interface.

First, let us understand the hash table. A hash table is a data structure that stores key-value pairs in an array, where the keys are mapped to specific positions in the array through a hash function. In this electronic dictionary program, we will use a hash table to store each word and its corresponding definition.

Next, we need to prepare an array to store the hash table. We can choose a fixed-length array, or we can use vector in C STL to implement a dynamic array. Define a structure to store each word and its corresponding meaning, for example:

struct Word {
    string word;
    string definition;
};

Next, we can use a hash function to map each word to a position in the array. A simple hash function can be to add the ASCII code of the word and take the modulo operation, for example:

int hashFunc(string word, int arraySize) {
    int sum = 0;
    for (char c : word) {
        sum += (int)c;
    }
    return sum % arraySize;
}

Now, we can implement a simple insertion function to insert the word and definition into the hash table , as shown below:

void insertWord(Word* dictionary, int arraySize, string word, string definition) {
    int index = hashFunc(word, arraySize);
    dictionary[index].word = word;
    dictionary[index].definition = definition;
}

Next, we need to implement a query function that allows users to get the definition of a word. First, we will use a hash function to find the position of the word in the hash table, and then return the definition of that position. If the position is empty, it means that the word does not exist in the hash table.

string searchWord(Word* dictionary, int arraySize, string word) {
    int index = hashFunc(word, arraySize);
    if (dictionary[index].word == word) {
        return dictionary[index].definition;
    } else {
        return "该单词不存在于词典中";
    }
}

Finally, we need a user interaction interface so that users can enter the word they want to query and get its definition. We can use a simple infinite loop to allow the user to continuously query words until the user enters "exit" to exit the program, as shown below:

int main() {
    int arraySize = 100; // 数组大小
    Word* dictionary = new Word[arraySize]; // 创建哈希表

    string word;
    while (true) {
        cout << "请输入要查询的单词（输入"exit"退出程序）：";
        cin >> word;

        if (word == "exit") {
            break;
        }
        
        string definition = searchWord(dictionary, arraySize, word);
        cout << word << "的定义是：" << definition << endl;
    }
    delete[] dictionary;
    
    return 0;
}

Through the above steps, we have successfully written a simple electronic dictionary program. Users can enter the word they want to query and get its definition. This program can be used as a basic version, and you can add more features according to your needs, such as the ability to edit dictionaries, add new words, etc.

All in all, writing a simple electronic dictionary program in C is an interesting and challenging project. In this article, we introduce the use of hash table data structures to store the correspondence between words and their definitions, and provide a user-friendly interactive interface. I hope this article will be helpful for you to learn C programming and implement electronic dictionary programs!

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