Easy-to-use Python Linux scripting guide

Simple and easy-to-use Python Linux script operation guide

In the Linux environment, Python script is an extremely powerful and easy-to-use tool. Python's concise syntax and rich libraries make writing scripts fast and efficient. This article will introduce you to some simple and easy-to-use Python Linux script operations, and provide specific code examples to help you better use Python for Linux system management and operation.

1. File and directory operations
   Python provides a series of libraries for file and directory operations, such as os and shutil, etc. Here is some sample code:

First of all, we can use the os library to operate the creation, deletion, and movement of files and directories. For example, create a new directory:

import os
os.mkdir("new_directory")

Next, we can use the shutil library to copy, move, and delete files and directories. For example, copy a file:

import shutil
shutil.copy("source_file.txt", "destination_file.txt")

2. System command execution
   Python can execute system commands through the subprocess library. You can use Python scripts to execute common Linux commands, such as ls, grep, etc. The following is an example description:

import subprocess
output = subprocess.check_output("ls", shell=True)
print(output)

3. Network operation
   Python has powerful network programming capabilities, and you can use the socket library to perform network operations. The following is a simple example for detecting the network connection status of the host:

import socket

def check_connection(hostname, port):
    try:
        socket.create_connection((hostname, port), timeout=5)
        return True
    except OSError:
        return False

is_connected = check_connection("www.google.com", 80)
print(is_connected)

4. Logging
   In Linux system management, logging is a very important part. Python provides the logging library to help you with logging. The following is a simple example for logging error information to a log file:

import logging

logging.basicConfig(filename="error.log", level=logging.ERROR)
logging.error("This is an error message")

5. Scheduled tasks
   Python scripts can be run via cron or crontabTo implement scheduled tasks. The following is an example for executing a Python script regularly every day:

import datetime

with open("log.txt", "a") as file:
    file.write(str(datetime.datetime.now()) + " - Task executed
")

Save the above code as a script.py file and run it through the crontab -e command Add the following lines:

0 0 * * * python /path/to/script.py

This will execute the script every day at midnight.

Through these simple and easy-to-use Python Linux script operation guides, you can manage and operate Linux systems more efficiently. Whether it is file and directory operations, system command execution, network operations, logging or scheduled tasks, Python provides you with powerful tools and libraries. I hope this article can provide you with useful code examples to help you better develop and use Python scripts.

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