Concurrent task scheduling: Use Go WaitGroup to build a task scheduling engine

Concurrent task scheduling: Use Go WaitGroup to build a task scheduling engine

Introduction:
In today's fast-paced digital world, task scheduling is crucial to completing tasks efficiently. It's important. Concurrent task scheduling is a method that can handle multiple tasks at the same time, allowing the system to make full use of system resources and improve processing efficiency. In this article, I will introduce how to use WaitGroup of Go language to build a simple but practical task scheduling engine, and provide specific code examples.

1. Overview of task scheduling engine
Task scheduling engine is a system that allocates multiple tasks to multiple threads or coroutines for parallel execution. It can determine the scheduling order of threads/coroutines based on the nature and priority of the task, and determine whether the number of threads/coroutines needs to be dynamically increased or decreased.

Go language is a concurrent programming language that provides rich concurrency primitives. Among them, WaitGroup is a very useful tool for waiting for the completion of a group of tasks. We can use WaitGroup to build a simple but efficient task scheduling engine.

2. Implementation steps of task scheduling engine
The following are the implementation steps of using Go WaitGroup to build a task scheduling engine:

1. Import the necessary packages
   Before starting, We first need to import the sync package to use WaitGroup.

import (
    "sync"
)

2. Create task queue
   We need to create a queue for storing tasks. This queue can be an array, slice or linked list, choose according to the actual situation.

var taskQueue []func() error

3. Initialize WaitGroup
   We need to create a WaitGroup object to wait for all tasks to be completed.

var wg sync.WaitGroup

4. Add a task to the task queue
   Add a task to the task queue, for example:

taskQueue = append(taskQueue, func() error {
    fmt.Println("Task 1")
    time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
    return nil
})

5. Start the task scheduling engine
   We use the Add method of WaitGroup to set the number of waiting tasks, then execute the tasks concurrently, and call the Done method after the tasks are completed.

for _, task := range taskQueue {
    wg.Add(1)
    go func(task func() error) {
        defer wg.Done()
        task()
    }(task)
}

wg.Wait()

6. Complete code example
   The following is a complete code example using Go WaitGroup to build a task scheduling engine:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "sync"
    "time"
)

var taskQueue []func() error
var wg sync.WaitGroup

func main() {
    taskQueue = append(taskQueue, func() error {
        fmt.Println("Task 1")
        time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
        return nil
    })

    taskQueue = append(taskQueue, func() error {
        fmt.Println("Task 2")
        time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
        return nil
    })

    taskQueue = append(taskQueue, func() error {
        fmt.Println("Task 3")
        time.Sleep(3 * time.Second)
        return nil
    })

    for _, task := range taskQueue {
        wg.Add(1)
        go func(task func() error) {
            defer wg.Done()
            task()
        }(task)
    }
    wg.Wait()
}

Code description:
In this example, we first define a taskQueue to store tasks. Then, we use WaitGroup to wait for all tasks to complete. After the task is completed, we use the waitGroup's Done method to notify the task scheduling engine. When all tasks are completed, the main function will exit.

Conclusion:
By using WaitGroup of Go language, we can easily build an efficient concurrent task scheduling engine. Through reasonable task scheduling methods, we can make full use of system resources, complete a large number of tasks in a short time, and improve the efficiency of the system.

However, this is just a simple example, and the actual task scheduling engine may need to handle more complex tasks and scheduling logic. In practical applications, we may also need to consider factors such as task priority and task dependencies. Therefore, based on actual needs, we need to further expand and optimize the task scheduling engine.

Reference link:

• [Go WaitGroup official document](https://golang.org/pkg/sync/#WaitGroup)
• [Go concurrent programming The Art of MOOC](https://www.imooc.com/learn/1172)

The above is a brief introduction and code example of using Go WaitGroup to build a task scheduling engine. I hope this article can help you understand concurrent task scheduling, and how to use WaitGroup of the Go language to implement a task scheduling engine.

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