Data backup and failure recovery: Discussion on the importance of MySQL master-slave replication in cluster mode

Data backup and failure recovery: Discussion on the importance of MySQL master-slave replication in cluster mode

Introduction: In recent years, with the continuous increase in data scale and complexity With growth, database backup and failure recovery become even more important. In distributed systems, MySQL master-slave replication is widely used in cluster mode to provide high availability and fault tolerance. This article will explore the importance of MySQL master-slave replication in cluster mode and give some code examples.

1. The basic principles and advantages of MySQL master-slave replication

MySQL master-slave replication is a method of recording the modification operations of the master database into the binary log (binlog) and transmitting them through the network. These logs are transferred to the database to achieve data replication. The basic principle of master-slave replication is as follows:

1. The master database records modification operations into the binlog;
2. The slave database connects to the master database and obtains the file name and location information of the binlog;
3. According to the file name and location information of binlog, obtain the uncopied binlog from the database and apply it to the slave database.

MySQL master-slave replication has the following advantages in cluster mode:

1. Provides high availability: if the master database fails, the slave database can take over the role of the master database, ensuring Continuous availability of the system;
2. Achieving fault tolerance: If an error occurs in the primary database or the data is damaged, data recovery and repair can be performed by reconfiguring the secondary database;
3. Share the read pressure: Primary database processing For write operations, the slave database is responsible for read operations, which greatly improves the read performance of the system;
4. Distributed query: Through master-slave replication, query operations can be performed on the slave database, reducing the burden on the master database.

2. MySQL master-slave replication steps and sample code

MySQL master-slave replication mainly includes the following steps:

1. Configuring the master server
   Make the following configuration on the master server:

# 在my.cnf文件中开启二进制日志记录 log-bin=mysql-bin # 配置唯一标识符 server-id=1 # 配置需要复制的数据库 binlog-do-db=database1

2. Configure the slave server
   Make the following configuration on the slave server:

# 配置唯一标识符 server-id=2 # 配置需要连接的主服务器 master-host=master_server_ip # 配置复制的用户名和密码 master-user=replication_user master-password=password # 配置需要复制的数据库 replicate-do-db=database1

3. Start the master server and slave server

# 启动主服务器 $ /etc/init.d/mysql start # 启动从服务器 $ /etc/init.d/mysql start

4. Test the master-slave replication

Create a new record on the master server:

mysql> USE database1; mysql> INSERT INTO table1 (column1, column2) VALUES ('value1', 'value2');

On the slave server Check whether the synchronization is successful:

mysql> USE database1; mysql> SELECT * FROM table1;

The above are the basic configuration steps and sample code for MySQL master-slave replication. By configuring the master server and slave server, enabling binlog logging, and setting the database to be replicated, database backup and fault recovery can be achieved.

3. Summary

MySQL master-slave replication has important significance and advantages in cluster mode. It can provide high availability and fault tolerance, share read pressure, and support distributed queries. By understanding the basic principles and configuration steps of MySQL master-slave replication, we can better cope with the challenges of database backup and failure recovery. In practice, we can also ensure the stability and reliability of master-slave replication by using monitoring tools and regularly checking logs. I hope this article will be helpful to readers in the use and maintenance of MySQL master-slave replication.

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