Key points of PHP writing standards: achieving reusable and easy-to-maintain code

The key point of PHP writing specifications: achieving reusable and easy-to-maintain code

Introduction:
In PHP development, writing standardized code is very important Importantly, it can improve code readability, improve development efficiency, and reduce maintenance costs. This article will introduce some key points to help developers write more standardized PHP code and achieve reusable and easy-to-maintain code.

1. Naming specifications

1. Variable and function names use camel case naming: the first letter is lowercase, and the first letter of each subsequent word is capitalized, for example: $userName, getUserInfo().
2. Class names use camel case naming: the first letter of each word is capitalized, for example: UserModel, UserController.
3. Constant names are all in capital letters, and words are separated by underscores, for example: MAX_LENGTH.

2. Code indentation

1. Use 4 spaces for code indentation instead of tabs.
2. Add a space before and after the curly braces of a control statement, loop statement, function or class.

Example:

if ($condition) {
    // do something
} else {
    // do something else
}

for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++) {
    // do something
}

function getUserInfo($userId) {
    // do something
}

class UserController {
    // do something
}

3. Comment specifications

1. Use comments to explain the code and improve readability.
2. Comments should follow certain specifications, including comment content, comment location, etc.

Example:

/**
 * 获取用户信息
 * @param int $userId 用户ID
 * @return array 用户信息数组
 */
function getUserInfo($userId) {
    // do something
}

4. Code reuse

1. Extract reused code blocks into functions or methods to improve code reusability.
2. Use classes, interfaces, namespaces and other functions to implement modular code.

Example:

function getUserInfo($userId) {
    // do something
}

function getUserAvatar($userId) {
    // 获取用户头像
}

function getUserEmail($userId) {
    // 获取用户邮箱
}

$userInfo = getUserInfo(123);
$userAvatar = getUserAvatar(123);
$userEmail = getUserEmail(123);

5. Error handling

1. Handle possible exceptions or errors and use try-catch blocks to catch exceptions.
2. Enable error prompts in the development environment to facilitate debugging.

Example:

try {
    // 可能发生异常的代码
} catch (Exception $e) {
    // 异常处理代码
    // 可以输出错误信息、记录日志等
}

6. Code style consistency

1. Follow a unified code style to facilitate team collaboration and code maintenance.
2. You can use code style checking tools, such as PHP_CodeSniffer, etc., to standardize the code format.

Conclusion:
By following the key points of PHP writing specifications, we can write reusable and easy-to-maintain PHP code, improve development efficiency and reduce maintenance costs. I hope this article will help you write standardized code in PHP development.

Reference materials:

1. PHP Coding Standards: http://www.php-fig.org/psr/psr-2/
2. PHP_CodeSniffer: https: //github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer

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