Introduction to HTTP/2 protocol support and performance improvement techniques of Nginx server

Introduction to Nginx server’s HTTP/2 protocol support and performance improvement techniques

Introduction:
With the rapid development of the Internet, people’s requirements for website speed are getting higher and higher. Come higher and higher. In order to provide faster website response speed and better user experience, the Nginx server's HTTP/2 protocol support and performance improvement techniques have become crucial. This article will introduce how to configure the Nginx server to support the HTTP/2 protocol and provide some performance improvement tips.

1. Introduction to HTTP/2 protocol:
HTTP/2 protocol is the next generation standard of HTTP protocol. It uses binary format for data transmission at the transport layer. Compared with the previous HTTP1.x protocol, HTTP The /2 protocol has lower latency and higher concurrent transfer capabilities. By using the HTTP/2 protocol, the loading speed and performance of your website can be significantly improved.

2. Configure the Nginx server to support HTTP/2 protocol:

1. Install Nginx:
   First you need to make sure that the Nginx server has been installed. If it has not been installed, you can install it through the following command:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nginx

2. Configure Nginx to support the HTTP/2 protocol:
   Find the Nginx configuration file, the default path is /etc/ nginx/nginx.conf, open it with a text editor.

sudo nano /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Add the following configuration in the http block:

http {
    ...
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/certs/nginx.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/nginx.key;
    ...
}

Among them, listen 443 ssl http2 indicates the use of HTTPS protocol and HTTP/ 2 protocol for monitoring. ssl_certificate and ssl_certificate_key specify the path to the SSL certificate and private key. Make sure that the paths to the certificate and private key are configured correctly.

3. Restart the Nginx server:
   After completing the configuration, you need to restart the Nginx server for the configuration to take effect.

sudo service nginx restart

3. Tips for improving performance:
In addition to configuring to support the HTTP/2 protocol, we can also use some techniques to further improve the performance of the Nginx server.

1. Enable Gzip compression:
   Turning on Gzip compression can reduce the amount of transmitted data and speed up the loading speed of the website. Add the following configuration in the Nginx configuration file:

http {
    ...
    gzip on;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml;
    ...
}

gzip on indicates to enable Gzip compression. gzip_typesSpecifies the file types to be compressed.

2. Set static resource cache:
   For static resource files, you can cache them to reduce the load on the server. Add the following configuration to the Nginx configuration file:

http {
    ...
    location ~* .(css|js|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico)$ {
        expires 1y;
        add_header Cache-Control "public";
    }
    ...
}

This configuration indicates caching of static resource files that will not change within one year.

3. Enable Keep-Alive connection:
   Keep-Alive connection enables multiple requests and responses to be sent between the browser and the server, avoiding the establishment of a new connection for each request and reducing Latency and connection establishment overhead. Add the following configuration to the Nginx configuration file:

http {
    ...
    keepalive_timeout 65;
    ...
}

keepalive_timeout indicates the timeout of the Keep-Alive connection, which is generally set to 60 seconds.

Conclusion:
This article introduces how to configure the Nginx server to support the HTTP/2 protocol, and provides some performance improvement tips, including enabling Gzip compression, setting up static resource cache and enabling Keep-Alive connections. Through reasonable configuration and optimization, the performance and response speed of the Nginx server can be significantly improved, providing a better user experience. I hope this article will help you understand and apply the HTTP/2 protocol and performance improvement techniques of Nginx server.

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