Workerman Development Pitfall Guide: Experience Summary and Sharing on Solving Common Problems in Network Applications

Workerman Development Pitfall Guide: Summary and Sharing of Experience in Solving Common Problems in Network Applications

Introduction:
In the process of network application development, we often encounter some difficult problems. This article will provide some experience summaries and sharing on solving these problems based on actual experience. We will use Workerman as the development framework and provide relevant code examples.

1. Understanding and Optimizing Event Loop
Workerman is a development framework based on Event Loop. Understanding the principles of Event Loop is very helpful for solving problems. In network applications, we often face high concurrency and large data volumes. In response to this situation, we can optimize through the following points:

1. Use multi-process or multi-thread
   Workerman supports multi-process or multi-thread mode, which can be set by setting the number of worker processes or threads. Improve processing capabilities. The sample code is as follows:

Worker::$count = 4;  // 设置4个worker进程

2. Load Balancing
   If the application load is too large, you can consider using load balancing to share the pressure. Load balancing can be achieved through tools such as Nginx. The sample configuration is as follows:

upstream backend {
    server 127.0.0.1:8080;
    server 127.0.0.1:8081;
    server 127.0.0.1:8082;
    server 127.0.0.1:8083;
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com;
    
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
}

2. Stability and performance optimization of TCP connection

1. Heartbeat mechanism
   In network applications, the stability of TCP connection is very important. important. In order to keep the connection active, we can detect the health of the connection by using a heartbeat mechanism. The sample code is as follows:

use WorkermanConnectionTcpConnection;

TcpConnection::$defaultMaxLifetime = 60;  // 设置连接最大空闲时间（单位：秒）

class MyWorker extends Worker
{
    public function onConnect($connection)
    {
        $connection->heartbeat = time();
    }
    
    public function onMessage($connection, $data)
    {
        $connection->heartbeat = time();
        // 处理业务逻辑
    }
    
    public function onCheckHeartbeat($connection)
    {
        $maxLifetime = TcpConnection::$defaultMaxLifetime;
        if (time() - $connection->heartbeat > $maxLifetime) {
            $connection->close();
        }
    }
}

2. Packet sticking and unpacking problems
   In network communication, due to the unreliability of data transmission, packet sticking and unpacking problems will occur. To solve this problem, we can use fixed-length packets for communication. The sample code is as follows:

use WorkermanConnectionTcpConnection;

class MyWorker extends Worker
{
    public function onMessage($connection, $data)
    {
        $packLength = 4;  // 数据包长度（单位：字节）
        
        $recvBuffer = $connection->getRecvBuffer();
        
        while (strlen($recvBuffer) > $packLength) {
            $packet = substr($recvBuffer, 0, $packLength);  // 获取一个完整数据包
            $recvBuffer = substr($recvBuffer, $packLength);  // 移除已处理的数据包
            
            // 处理数据包
        }
        
        $connection->setRecvBuffer($recvBuffer);
    }
}

3. The use and optimization of asynchronous non-blocking IO

1. Asynchronous task processing
   In network applications, some tasks may take time Longer, in order to avoid blocking the execution of other tasks, we can use asynchronous non-blocking IO to handle these tasks. The sample code is as follows:

use WorkermanWorker;

class MyWorker extends Worker
{
    public function onMessage($connection, $data)
    {
        // 异步任务处理
        $this->asyncTask($data, function($result) use ($connection) {
            // 处理异步任务结果
        });
    }
    
    private function asyncTask($data, $callback)
    {
        // 创建异步任务并进行处理
        $task = new AsyncTask($data);
        $task->execute($callback);
    }
}

2. Data buffering and batch processing
   In network applications, data buffering and batch processing are effective means to improve performance. You can perform batch processing by setting the interval. The sample code is as follows:

use WorkermanWorker;
use WorkermanLibTimer;

class MyWorker extends Worker
{
    private $buffer = [];

    public function onMessage($connection, $data)
    {
        $this->buffer[] = $data;
        Timer::add(0.01, function() use ($connection) {
            $this->handleBuffer($connection);
        });
    }
    
    private function handleBuffer($connection)
    {
        // 批量处理数据
        // ...
        $this->buffer = [];
    }
}

Summary:
This article mainly introduces common problems and optimization solutions in the process of using Workerman to develop network applications, and provides relevant code examples. I hope these experience summaries and sharing can help readers avoid some pitfalls during the development process. Of course, web application development is an evolving process, and different scenarios and needs may require different solutions. I hope readers can accumulate more experience in practice and continuously optimize and improve their applications.

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