Docker container network under Linux: How to set up network connections and communication between containers?

Docker container network under Linux: How to set up network connections and communication between containers?

When using Docker for application deployment, network connection and communication between containers is a very important issue. This article will introduce how to set up a container's network connection in a Linux environment and provide some common code examples.

There are multiple network modes to choose from in Docker, the three most commonly used are: bridge mode, host mode and Overlay network mode. In bridge mode, Docker will create a virtual network interface for each container and connect the containers through a shared network bridge. In host mode, the container will directly use the host's network interface. The Overlay network mode provides a solution for container communication across hosts.

First, let’s introduce how to use bridge mode to set up the container’s network connection. We can use Docker's command line tools or Docker Compose to achieve this.

Using command line tools:

docker run -d --name container1 --network bridge image1
docker run -d --name container2 --network bridge image2

Using Docker Compose:

version: '3'
services:
  container1:
    image: image1
    networks:
      - bridge
  container2:
    image: image2
    networks:
      - bridge
networks:
  bridge:
    driver: bridge

In the above example, we created two containers container1 and container2 and connected them to one In a network named bridge. With this setup, containers can communicate with each other using container names.

Here is an example of setting up a container's network connection using host mode:

Using the command line tool:

docker run -d --name container1 --network host image1
docker run -d --name container2 --network host image2

Using Docker Compose:

version: '3'
services:
  container1:
    image: image1
    networks:
      - host
  container2:
    image: image2
    networks:
      - host
networks:
  host:
    driver: host

Here In this setup, the containers will use the host's network interface directly, so they can communicate through the host's IP address.

Finally, we introduce the settings for inter-container communication using the Overlay network mode. This mode requires deployment using Docker Swarm.

First, we need to initialize a Swarm:

docker swarm init

Then, we create an Overlay network:

docker network create -d overlay my-network

Next, we create the service and connect it to the network:

docker service create --name service1 --network my-network image1
docker service create --name service2 --network my-network image2

Using the Overlay network mode can achieve cross-host container communication and ensure the security and reliability of communication.

To sum up, this article introduces the method of setting up the network connection and communication of the Docker container in the Linux environment, including bridge mode, host mode and Overlay network mode. These methods can be selected and used according to specific needs to help us better manage the container network when using Docker.

The code example is for reference only. Please make corresponding adjustments and configurations according to the specific situation when using it. Through flexible network settings, we can easily build an efficient and reliable containerized application system.

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