How to handle POST request in FastAPI and return JSON response

How to handle POST requests and return JSON responses in FastAPI

FastAPI is a fast (high-performance), easy-to-use, modern web framework based on standard Python type hints. It has strong asynchronous support and can easily handle high concurrency situations. In FastAPI, we can use concise code to handle POST requests and return JSON responses. This article will describe how to accomplish this task in FastAPI and provide corresponding code examples.

First, we need to create a FastAPI application. Here is the basic code to create the application:

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()

Next, we need to create a route to handle POST requests. FastAPI uses decorators to define routes. Here is an example of handling a POST request:

@app.post("/api/submit")
async def submit_data(data: dict):
    # 在这里进行数据处理
    # ...
    # 返回JSON响应
    return {"message": "Data submitted successfully"}

In the above example, we have defined a route using the decorator @app.post with the path / api/submit, the request method is POST. The routing function submit_data accepts a parameter named data, the parameter type is dict, which will be used to receive the data in the POST request.

In the submit_data function, we can perform data processing logic, such as verifying data, saving to the database, etc. We then return a JSON response using the return statement. In this example, we return a dictionary containing the key "message" and the value "Data submitted successfully".

Note that in FastAPI, use async def to define asynchronous functions, which can make full use of the asynchronous features of the framework and improve performance.

In order for the application to run, we need to add the following code:

if __name__ == "__main__":
    uvicorn.run(app, host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)

The above code will make the application run on the local 0.0.0.0 address and listen. Port 8000.

Now, we have completed the basic code to handle the POST request in FastAPI and return the JSON response. We can test our application by sending a POST request to /api/submit and including JSON data in the request body.

The following is an example of sending a POST request using the Python requests library:

import requests

data = {"name": "John", "age": 30}
response = requests.post("http://localhost:8000/api/submit", json=data)

print(response.json())

In the above example, we created a dictionary data , which contains some data. We then send a POST request using the requests.post method and send the data as JSON via the json parameter. Finally, we use the response.json() method to get the response JSON data and print it out.

Through the above simple example, we demonstrate how to handle POST requests and return JSON responses in FastAPI. FastAPI provides a simple and powerful API design, allowing us to build web applications more efficiently. I hope this article can be helpful to the process of using FastAPI to handle POST requests.

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