How to use scheduled tasks in FastAPI to perform background work

How to use scheduled tasks in FastAPI to perform background work

With the rapid development of Internet applications, many applications have some background tasks that need to be executed regularly, such as data cleaning, email sending, backup, etc. In order to solve this problem, we can use scheduled tasks to automatically execute background work. In this article, we will introduce how to use scheduled tasks in the FastAPI framework to perform background work.

FastAPI is a modern, fast (high-performance) web framework mainly used to build APIs. Its ease of use and efficiency make it ideal for building applications that perform tasks as background workers.

First, we need to install the required libraries. Execute the following command in the terminal to install FastAPI and other related libraries:

$ pip install fastapi
$ pip install uvicorn
$ pip install apscheduler

Before starting to write code, we need to first understand the APScheduler library, which is a simple and powerful scheduled task library for Python . This library can handle various types of scheduled task requirements, such as interval execution tasks, specified time execution tasks, scheduled trigger tasks, etc.

Next, we can start writing code.

First, we need to import the required modules:

from fastapi import FastAPI
from apscheduler.schedulers.background import BackgroundScheduler

Then, create a FastAPI application object:

app = FastAPI()

Next, create a background task executor object :

scheduler = BackgroundScheduler()

Then, define a background task function:

def background_task():
    # 这里可以编写你的后台任务逻辑
    # 例如数据清理、邮件发送、备份等
    pass

Next, we need to define an API interface to start the scheduled task:

@app.post("/start_task")
async def start_task():
    # 添加定时任务
    scheduler.add_job(background_task, 'interval', minutes=30)
    # 启动任务调度器
    scheduler.start()
    return {"message": "后台任务已启动"}

Finally, we need to define An API interface to stop scheduled tasks:

@app.post("/stop_task")
async def stop_task():
    # 关闭任务调度器
    scheduler.shutdown()
    return {"message": "后台任务已停止"}

Now, we have written a FastAPI application that uses scheduled tasks to perform background work. We can use the following command to start the application:

$ uvicorn main:app --reload

Then, we can use tools such as Postman or a browser to access the interface to start and stop scheduled tasks.

By accessing the http://localhost:8000/start_task interface, we can start the scheduled task. The scheduled task will execute a background task every 30 minutes.

By accessing the http://localhost:8000/stop_task interface, we can stop the scheduled task.

To summarize, this article introduces how to use scheduled tasks in the FastAPI framework to perform background work. By using the APScheduler library, we can easily implement automated execution of scheduled tasks. Hope this article is helpful to you!

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